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Table 2 Baseline characteristics and health status of participants in the study compared to non-participants at six, 12 and 24 month follow up
| Participation at six months | Participation at 12 months | Participation at 24 months | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Yesa (n = 301) | No (n = 151) | P | Yesa (n = 271) | No (n = 181) | P | Yesa (n = 230) | No (n = 222) | p |
| Age (years), Mean (SD) | 41.2 (16.5) | 36.5 (17.8) | 0.006 | 41.8 (16.9) | 36.5 (16.8) | 0.001 | 42.7 (16.6) | 36.5 (17.1) | <0.001 |
| Marital status, No. (%) | 0.001 | 0.068 | 0.002 | ||||||
| Single | 107 (35.7) | 80 (53.7) | 100 (37.3) | 87 (48.1) | 77 (33.9) | 110 (49.5) | |||
| Married/defacto | 162 (54.0) | 54 (36.2) | 140 (52.2) | 76 (42.0) | 127 (55.9) | 89 (40.1) | |||
| Divorced/widowed | 31 (10.3) | 15 (10.1) | 28 (10.4) | 18 (9.9) | 23 (10.1) | 23 (10.4) | |||
| Occupation skill levelb, No. (%) | 0.029 | 0.180 | 0.023 | ||||||
| Home duties/retired | 22 (7.3) | 17 (11.3) | 22 (8.1) | 17 (9.4) | 19 (8.3) | 20 (9.0) | |||
| Managers/professionals | 71 (23.6) | 27 (17.9) | 66 (24.4) | 32 (17.7) | 60 (26.1) | 38 (17.1) | |||
| Tradespersons | 93 (30.9) | 33 (21.9) | 81 (29.9) | 45 (24.9) | 71 (30.9) | 55 (24.8) | |||
| Intermediate clerical | 43 (14.3) | 21 (13.9) | 35 (12.9) | 29 (16.0) | 27 (11.7) | 37 (16.7) | |||
| Elementary related | 72 (23.9) | 53 (35.1) | 67 (24.7) | 58 (32.0) | 53 (23.0) | 72 (32.4) | |||
| Work status before injury (working), No. (%) | 233 (77.9) | 101 (66.9) | 0.011 | 210 (78.1) | 124 (68.5) | 0.023 | 182 (79.9) | 152 (68.5) | 0.006 |
| Total yearly household incomecNo. (%) | 0.018 | 0.080 | 0.153 | ||||||
| ≤$39,999 | 68 (24.5) | 47 (35.1) | 64 (25.3) | 51 (32.3) | 52 (24.1) | 63 (32.3) | |||
| $40,000-$79,999 | 89 (32.1) | 47 (35.1) | 80 (31.6) | 56 (35.4) | 73 (33.8) | 63 (32.3) | |||
| ≥$80,000 | 120 (43.3) | 40 (29.9) | 109 (43.1) | 51 (32.3) | 91 (42.1) | 69 (35.4) | |||
| Smoking history, No. (%) | <0.001 | 0.020 | 0.008 | ||||||
| Current smoker | 64 (21.3) | 61 (40.7) | 62 (23.0) | 63 (35.0) | 49 (21.4) | 76 (34.4) | |||
| Ex-smoker | 86 (28.7) | 33 (22.0) | 76 (28.1) | 43 (23.9) | 68 (29.7) | 51 (23.1) | |||
| Never smoked | 150 (50.0) | 56 (37.3) | 132 (48.9) | 74 (41.1) | 112 (48.9) | 94 (42.5) | |||
| Medication use (current), No. (%) | 89 (29.7) | 32 (21.2) | 0.055 | 85 (31.5) | 36 (19.9) | 0.006 | 73 (31.9) | 48 (21.6) | 0.014 |
| Recovery expectations for usual activitiesd (days), No. (%) | 0.072 | 0.899 | 0.367 | ||||||
| ≤90 | 184 (64.4) | 83 (59.7) | 155 (60.5) | 112 (66.7) | 131 (60.4) | 136 (65.7) | |||
| 91-180 | 58 (20.4) | 36 (25.9) | 58 (22.7) | 36 (21.4) | 49 (22.6) | 45 (21.7) | |||
| 181-365 | 34 (11.9) | 11 (7.9) | 34 (13.3) | 11 (6.5) | 31 (14.3) | 14 (6.8) | |||
| ≥366 | 9 (3.2) | 9 (6.5) | 9 (3.5) | 9 (5.4) | 6 (2.8) | 12 (5.8) | |||
| Vehicle type, No. (%) | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.005 | ||||||
| Motor vehicle | 169 (56.1) | 102 (67.5) | 155 (57.2) | 116 (64.1) | 129 (56.1) | 142 (64.0) | |||
| Motorcycle | 120 (39.9) | 37 (24.5) | 107 (39.5) | 50 (27.6) | 94 (40.9) | 63 (28.4) | |||
| Bicycle | 12 (4.0) | 12 (7.9) | 9 (3.3) | 15 (8.3) | 7 (3.0) | 17 (7.7) | |||
