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Table 2 Uni - and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the number of body regions with bothersome musculoskeletal pain and other covariates in 2008 and sickness absence during the following four years

From: Widespread pain – do pain intensity and care-seeking influence sickness absence? – A population-based cohort study

Long-term sickness absence (> 52 weeks of recorded sickness absence or permanent reduced work capacity during follow-up.)

Number of body regions with musculoskeletal pain at baseline

Any paina

Bothersome paina

Very bothersome paina

 

(Pain-intensity cut-off level > 1 (Range 1–7))

(Pain-intensity cut-off level > 2 (Range 1–7))

(Pain-intensity cut-off level > 3 (Range 1–7))

Model 1 OR (95 % CI)c N = 3745

   

 No pain

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 1–2 regions

1.48 (0.62–3.58)

1.76 (1.04–2.97)

2.73 (1.82–4.09)

 3–5 regions

4.26 (1.85–9.76)

5.82 (3.61–9.38)

7.35 (4.97–10.87)

 6–7 regions

8.00 (3.41–18.77)

12.26 (6.88–21.88)

12.22 (6.27–23.83)

Model 2 OR (95 % CI)d N = 3745

No GP contact (n = 2613)

At least one GP contact (n = 1132)

No GP contact (n = 2613)

At least one GP contact (n = 1132)

No GP contact (n = 2613)

At least one GP contact (n = 1132)

 No pain

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 1–2 regions

1.32 (0.50–3.52)

2.13 (0.27–16.88)

1.53 (0.82–2.84)

2.36 (0.86–6.48)

2.57 (1.52–4.34)

2.57 (1.34–4.92)

 3–5 regions

3.39 (1.35–8.53)

6.63 (0.90–48.85)

4.31 (2.42–7.68)

8.17 (3.23–20.68)

6.57 (3.91–11.04)

6.64 (3.58–12.32)

 6–7 regions

4.64 (1.73–12.43)

15.59 (2.10–116.05)

9.09 (4.35–19.03)

17.61 (6.21–49.93)

14.37 (6.46–31.96)

8.32 (2.45–28.32)

Model 3 OR (95 % CI)f n = 3002g

   

 No pain

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 1–2 regions

1.88 (0.56–6.33)

1.50 (0.80–2.82)

1.81 (1.10–2.99)

 3–5 regions

3.86 (1.19–12.51)

3.74 (2.07–6.77)

4.50 (2.75–7.38)

 6–7 regions

6.84 (2.05–22.80)

8.42 (4.12–17.21)

9.42 (4.17–21.27)

Sickness absence of shorter duration (≥ 12 weeks and ≤ 52 weeks of recorded sickness absence during follow-up)e

The number of body regions with musculoskeletal pain at baseline

Any paina

Bothersome paina

Very bothersome painb

 

(Pain-intensity cut-off level > 1 (Range 1–7))

(Pain-intensity cut-off level > 2 (Range 1–7))

(Pain-intensity cut-off level > 3 (Range 1–7))

Model 1 OR (95 % CI)c n = 3556

   

 No pain

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 1–2 regions

0.77 (0.48–1.23)

1.56 (1.11–2.20)

1.95 (1.46–2.60)

 3–5 regions

1.17 (0.75–1.83)

2.56 (1.82–3.61)

2.60 (1.88–3.61)

 6–7 regions

2.24 (1.38–3.65)

2.93 (1.66–5.17)

3.52 (1.68–7.40)

Model 2 OR (95 % CI)d n = 3556

No GP contact (n = 2512)

At least one GP contact (n = 1044)

No GP contact (n = 2512)

At least one GP contact (n = 1044)

No GP contact (n = 2512)

At least one GP contact (n = 1044)

 No pain

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 1–2 regions

0.80 (0.43–1.46)

0.60 (0.28–1.30)

1.50 (0.97–2.31)

1.56 (0.88–2.75)

2.00 (1.38–2.90)

1.62 (1.02–2.57)

 3–5 regions

1.35 (0.76–2.39)

0.68 (0.33–1.42)

2.17 (1.38–3.42)

2.48 (1.44–4.27)

1.99 (1.23–3.21)

2.57 (1.59–4.15)

 6–7 regions

2.00 (1.04–3.84)

1.66 (0.77–3.57)

2.72 (1.26–5.88)

2.64 (1.12–6.23)

3.26 (1.23–8.61)

3.73 (1.15–12.17)

Model 3 OR (95 % CI)f n = 2878g

   

 No pain

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 1–2 regions

0.76 (0.44–1.31)

1.44 (0.97–2.14)

1.81 (1.30–2.53)

 3–5 regions

0.98 (0.58–1.65)

2.14 (1.44–3.20)

2.04 (1.37–3.02)

 6–7 regions

1.82 (1.03–3.23)

2.34 (1.23–4.44)

3.08 (1.33–7.11)

  1. aTest for trend: p < 0.001, bTest for trend: p < 0.01, cCrude analyses, dStratified analysis, e189 participants with ≥ 52 weeks of sickness absence during the follow-up period are not included in this analyzes, fAdjusted for: GP contact. Sex, age, educational level, physical and psychosocial work environment. gNumber of participants are reduced due to missing values