Table 3 Paraspinal mapping scores for group II

Multifidus muscle

 Upper

0.58 ± 0.81

2.19 ± 1.04 (<0.0001)

2.14 ± 0.87 (<0.0001)

2.22 ± 0.96 (<0.0001)

1.37 ± 0.88 (0.0352)

 Surgical

0.96 ± 0.81

2.75 ± 0.71 (<0.0001)

2.83 ± 0.69 (<0.0001)

2.63 ± 0.98 (<0.0001)

2.03 ± 0.82 (<0.0001)

 Lower

0.89 ± 0.85

2.53 ± 1.03 (<0.0001)

2.58 ± 0.97 (<0.0001)

2.53 ± 1.05 (<0.0001)

1.87 ± 0.74 (<0.0001)

Erector spinae muscle

 Upper

0.79 ± 0.70

1.94 ± 0.95 (<0.0001)

1.81 ± 0.79 (<0.0001)

1.72 ± 1.16 (0.0012)

1.06 ± 0.41 (0.0895)

 Surgical

0.85 ± 0.66

2.57 ± 0.73 (<0.0001)

2.58 ± 0.75 (<0.0001)

2.42 ± 0.81 (<0.0001)

1.49 ± 0.60 (0.0312)

 Lower

0.83 ± 0.70

2.33 ± 0.83 (<0.0001)

2.51 ± 1.01 (<0.0001)

2.33 ± 0.93 (<0.0001)

1.42 ± 0.42 (0.0122)