Impairment-targeted exercises for older adults with knee pain: a proof-of-principle study (TargET-Knee-Pain)

Table 2 Primary outcomes, by allocation to each impairment-specific exercise package in turn

	Allocated impairment-specific exercise package	Not allocated impairment-specific exercise package	Coefficient (95 % CI)^a	p-value
	Stretching exercises
	n = 28	n = 30
Knee flexion range of motion (degrees): mean (SD)
Baseline	113.4 (10.6)	132.6 (7.1)
6 weeks	119.4 (9.3)	131.9 (7.1)	2.06 (−1.36, 5.48)	0.232
12 weeks	123.1 (8.5)	131.2 (6.3)	2.12 (−2.28, 6.51)	0.338
	Strengthening exercises
	n = 13	n = 45
Quadriceps isometric strength (KgF): mean (SD)
Baseline	12.7 (8.9)	18.9 (8.9)
6 weeks	17.1 (8.1)	20.5 (8.8)	0.02 (−4.15, 4.20)^b	0.992
12 weeks	21.9 (6.1)	20.6 (8.4)	3.94 (0.12, 7.77)^b	0.043
	Balance retraining exercises
	n = 41	n = 17
Single-leg standing balance time (seconds): median (IQR)
Baseline	3.0 (3.5)	14.5 (14.5)
6 weeks	5.0 (15.0)	17.5 (13.0)	−1.6 (−8.4, 5.1)	0.633
12 weeks	9.0 (23.3)	21.5 (17.3)	−1.5 (−9.3, 6.4)	0.713

^aValues are coefficients (95 % confidence intervals) from linear regression models of allocated impairment-specific exercise package vs. not allocated impairment-specific exercise package for primary outcomes at 6 weeks and 12 weeks, adjusted for baseline score, age, gender, and concurrent allocation to other impairment-specific exercise packages
^bCoefficients additional adjusted for body mass index

ISSN: 1471-2474