Table 3 15 criteria based on VAS ratings with a statistically significant difference between BSCOS and EPOS respondents. Shown are means and standard deviations

Leg-length discrepancy/Galeazzi sign

7.9 (2.7)

6.8 (3.0)

0.001

Any asymmetry of hip abduction

7.8 (2.1)

7.1 (2.5)

0.017

Flexible foot deformities

5.0 (2.9)

3.0 (2.5)

<0.001

Torticollis

5.2 (2.7)

3.7 (2.5)

<0.001

Abduction limited to ≤70°

5.2 (2.8)

3.7 (2.8)

<0.001

Abduction limited to ≤60°

6.4 (2.5)

4.8 (2.7)

<0.001

Abduction limited to 45°

7.9 (2.0)

6.9 (2.5)

0.001

Asymmetry in abduction ≥20°

8.4 (1.7)

7.8 (2.4)

0.019

Femoral head coverage ≤45 %

7.0 (2.8)

5.9 (3.4)

0.001

α angle <60°

5.3 (2.9)

4.0 (3.2)

0.002

α angle <55°

6.4 (2.8)

5.0 (3.2)

0.045

First degree relative treated for DDH

7.4 (2.2)

6.3 (2.6)

0.002

Any family history of DDH

5.7 (2.6)

4.9 (2.8)

0.044

Acetabular index >30° at 8 weeks

2.7 (2.8)

3.9 (3.1)

0.006

Midpoint of the femoral metaphysis lateral to Perkins line

4.6 (3.5)

5.6 (3.3)

0.047