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Table 3 Mixed linear models analysis comparing the outcome of LBP intensity (measured on a scale from 0 to 10) between the DK and the UK cohorts

From: Low back pain patients in Sweden, Denmark and the UK share similar characteristics and outcomes: a cross-national comparison of prospective cohort studies

 

Beta-coefficient

p-value

Beta-coefficient

p-value

unadjusted model

adjusted model*

Baseline LBP intensity (ref.: DK)

UK

-.5 (−.7;−.2)

<.001

−1.4 (−1.9;−.8)

<.001

Week (ref.: week 0)

<.001

 

<.001

3

−3.7 (−3.9;−3.5)

 

−3.7 (−3.9;−3.6)

 

5

−4.4 (−4.6;−4.2)

−4.4 (−4.6;−4.2)

12

−5.1 (−5.3;−5.0)

−5.1 (−5.3;−5.0)

26

−5.4 (−5.6;−5.2)

−5.4 (−5.6;−5.2)

Country#Week (ref.: DK week 1)

<.001

 

<.001

UK week 3

.1 (−.3; .6)

 

.2 (−.2; .6)

 

UK week 5

1.6 (.9; 2.3)

2.1 (1.4; 2.7)

UK week 12

1.0 (.6; 1.3)

1.0 (.6; 1.3)

UK week 26

1.2 (.8; 1.6)

1.2 (.8; 1.6)

LBP (0–10) (ref: DK)

  

.3 (.3; .4)

<.001

LBP#UK

  

.2 (.1; .3)

<.001

Episode duration (ref. <2 weeks)

<.001

2 weeks–3 months

  

.5 (.3; .7)

 

More than 3 months

  

.8 (.6; 1.1)

Country#Duration (ref. DK <2 weeks)

UK 2 weeks–3 months

  

-.5 (−.8; −.1)

<.01

UK More than 3 months

  

-.5 (−.9;-.03)

  1. *:The model included all baseline variables as covariates. Only significant (p < .05) interactions are presented
  2. #:Interaction term. The interaction defines the difference in the beta coefficients between countries. For example the coefficient for LBP was 0.3 in DK and 0.3 + 0.2 = 0.5 in UK