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Table 3 Association of former and current smoking with RA: conditional logistic regression models

From: Smoking, Porphyromonas gingivalis and the immune response to citrullinated autoantigens before the clinical onset of rheumatoid arthritis in a Southern European nested case–control study

 

Controls

Pre-RA

Univariate

 

Multivariate

 
   

OR (95 % CI)

p-value

OR (95 % CI)a

p-value

Intensity, n (%)

      

Model 1

      

Never

133 (44)

36 (36)

reference

-

reference

-

Former

59 (19)

28 (28)

1.90 (1.01–3.59)

0.047

2.48 (1.27–4.84)

0.008

Current

80 (26)

30 (30)

1.45 (0.81–2.56)

0.205

1.57 (0.85–2.93)

0.151

Model 2

      

Never

133 (43)

36 (35)

reference

-

reference

-

Current, 1–15 cig/day

39 (13)

20 (20)

1.88 (0.98–3.61)

0.059

2.16 (1.06–4.39)

0.034

Current, >16 cig/day

41 (10)

10 (10)

0.95 (0.42–2.13)

0.905

0.97 (0.43–2.28)

0.974

Former, quit ≤10 years

27 (9)

16 (16)

2.18 (1.04–4.55)

0.039

2.79 (1.29–6.07)

0.009

Former, quit >11 years

32 (11)

12 (12)

1.50 (0.66–3.41)

0.328

2.02 (0.84–4.89)

0.115

Current pipe/cigar/occasional

31 (10)

7 (7)

0.93 (0.36–2.41)

0.888

1.24 (0.46–3.34)

0.670

  1. a Models adjusted for BMI, waist circumference, level of education, physical activity index, and alcohol intake