Table 1 Characteristics of the study population (n = 1072)a
From: Musculoskeletal pain is associated with restless legs syndrome in young adults
Reference group (n = 1040) | RLS-diagnosis group (n = 32) | Total (n = 1072) | p-value (for trend) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | 0.096 | |||
Female | 560 (53.8 %) | 22 (68.8 %) | 582 (54.3 %) | |
Male | 480 (46.2 %) | 10 (31.2 %) | 490 (45.7 %) | |
Smoking | 167 (16.1 %) | 6 (18.8 %) | 173 (16.2 %) | 0.693 |
Mean Body Mass Index (kg/m2) (SD) | 25.2 (5.5) | 25.1 (4.4) | 25.2 (5.5) | 0.936 |
Sleep Quality | 0.105 (0.023) | |||
Very good | 160 (15.7 %) | 3 (9.7 %) | 163 (15.5 %) | |
Fairly good | 619 (60.6 %) | 15 (48.4 %) | 634 (60.3 %) | |
Fairly bad | 217 (21.3 %) | 11 (35.5 %) | 228 (21.7 %) | |
Very bad | 25 (2.4 %) | 2 (6.5 %) | 27 (2.6 %) | |
Mean DASS-21 scores (SD) | ||||
Depression Subscale | 6.8 (8.2) | 12.0 (11.5) | 7.0 (8.4) | 0.017 |
Anxiety Subscale | 4.7 (5.7) | 10.0 (8.0) | 4.9 (5.8) | 0.001 |
Stress Subscale | 9.0 (8.1) | 15.5 (11.0) | 9.3 (8.3) | 0.002 |
Total score | 20.5 (19.5) | 37.0 (28.3) | 21.0 (20.0) | 0.003 |
Any pain | 380 (36.5 %) | 21 (65.6 %) | 401 (37.4 %) | 0.001 (0.001) |
Duration of pain | 0.001 (<0.001) | |||
No pain | 660 (63.5 %) | 11 (34.4 %) | 671 (62.7 %) | |
Short duration | 143 (13.8 %) | 5 (15.6 %) | 148 (13.8 %) | |
Long duration | 236 (22.7 %) | 16 (50.0 %) | 252 (23.5 %) | |
Pain intensity last week | 0.007 (0.001) | |||
No pain | 670 (64.7 %) | 11 (35.5 %) | 681 (63.8 %) | |
Mild pain | 192 (18.5 %) | 9 (29.0 %) | 201 (18.8 %) | |
Moderate pain | 118 (11.4 %) | 8 (25.8 %) | 126 (11.8 %) | |
Severe pain | 56 (5.4 %) | 3 (9.7 %) | 59 (5.5 %) | |
Pain intensity last 3 months | 0.016 (0.001) | |||
No pain | 682 (65.8 %) | 13 (41.9 %) | 695 (65.1 %) | |
Mild pain | 169 (16.3 %) | 6 (19.4 %) | 175 (16.4 %) | |
Moderate pain | 105 (10.1 %) | 6 (19.4 %) | 111 (10.4 %) | |
Severe pain | 80 (7.7 %) | 6 (19.4 %) | 86 (8.1 %) | |
Pain frequency last 3 months | 0.006 (0.001) | |||
No pain | 683 (65.9 %) | 12 (38.7 %) | 695 (65.1 %) | |
Low | 164 (15.8 %) | 6 (19.4 %) | 170 (15.9 %) | |
Medium | 84 (8.1 %) | 6 (19.4 %) | 90 (8.4 %) | |
High | 105 (10.1 %) | 7 (22.6 %) | 112 (10.5 %) | |
Number of pain sites | 0.005 (0.001) | |||
No pain | 660 (63.5 %) | 11 (34.4 %) | 671 (62.6 %) | |
One | 165 (15.9 %) | 8 (25.0 %) | 173 (16.1 %) | |
Two | 106 (10.2 %) | 5 (15.6 %) | 111 (10.4 %) | |
Three or more | 109 (10.5 %) | 8 (25.0 %) | 117 (10.9 %) |