Pain intensity, neck pain and longer duration of complaints predict poorer outcome in patients with shoulder pain – a systematic review

Table 5 Overall level of evidence for prognostic factors with no association with outcome

Prognostic factor assessed at baseline	Outcome	QS > 60 %	QS ≤ 60 %	Level of evidence
Primary care
Restricted range of motion [14, 15, 22, 23]	Poorer	─	1/1	Strong
Restricted range of motion [14, 15, 22, 23]	No association	3/3	─	Strong
Younger age [5, 14, 15, 18, 22]	Better	1/5	─	Strong
Younger age [5, 14, 15, 18, 22]	No association	4/5	─	Strong
Comorbid psychological factors [5, 14, 15, 22, 35]	No association	5/5	─	Strong
Education [15, 35]	No association	2/2	─	Strong
Comorbidity [11, 27]	No association	2/2	─	Strong
Muscle strength [14, 35]	No association	2/2	─	Strong
Dominance [5, 15, 18]	No association	3/3	─	Strong
Medication use [14, 18]	No association	2/2	─	Strong
Secondary care
Gender [11, 17, 24–26, 28, 36]	No association	2/2	5/5	Strong
Older age [11, 17, 24–28, 36]	Poorer	─	1/6	Strong
Older age [11, 17, 24–28, 36]	No association	2/2	5/6	Strong
Previous physiotherapy [11, 17]	No association	2/2	─	Strong
GP treatment (medication) [11, 17]	No association	2/2	─	Strong
Psychological factors [11, 17]	No association	2/2	─	Strong
ROM [11, 24]	No association	1/1	1/1	Moderate
Occupational setting
BMI [12, 13, 16, 32]	No association	1/1	3/3	Strong

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