Table 1 Item means and standard deviations, item difficulties, item-whole correlations with the subscales and Cronbach’s Alpha for the subscales if the item was removed

32.01

11.35

.57 ^c

.71 ^c

-

 1.

I cancel planned activities when I am in pain.

4.18

1.53

.60

.65

.90

 2.

I say things like ‘I don’t have any energy’, ‘I am not well enough’. ‘I don’t have time’, ‘I don’t dare’, ‘I have too much pain’, ‘I feel bad’, or ‘I don’t feel like it’.

4.40

1.69

.63

.61

.91

 4.

Because of my pain, I no longer plan for the future.

3.30

1.99

.47

.70

.90

 5.

I avoid doing things when there is a risk it will hurt or make things worse.

4.28

1.78

.61

.69

.90

 7.

I don’t do things that are important to me to avoid pain.

3.93

1.84

.56

.70

.90

 8.

I postpone things because of my pain.

4.43

1.65

.63

.84

.89

 10.

It’s not me that controls my life, it’s may pain.

3.68

2.04

.53

.72

.90

 11.

I avoid planning activities because of my pain.

3.82

1.88

.55

.80

.89

20.84

6.20

.74 ^b

.20 ^b

-

 3.

I need to understand what is wrong in order to move on.

3.83

4.88

.55

.07

.63

 6.

It is important to understand what causes my pain.

5.71

1.44

.82

.33

.11

 9.

I would do almost anything to get rid of my pain.

5.85

1.51

.84

.18

.20

 12.

It is important that I learn to control my pain.

5.45

1.63

.78

.23

.16