Figure 2

Hip kinematics and kinetics of patients after triple innominate osteotomy and healthy controls. Shown are (A) sagittal plane kinematics, (B) sagittal plane kinetics, (C) frontal plane kinematics, and (D) frontal plane kinetics. The kinematic data are normalized to full gait cycle (heel strike to ipsilateral heel strike); the kinetic data are normalized to the stance phase of the gait cycle (heel strike to ipsilateral toe off). Standard deviations of the mean of the operated limb are shown at the time points that were tested statistically (maximum extension angle, maximum flexion angle, hip adduction angle at 20% of the gait cycle, maximum extension moment, maximum flexion moment, and maximum hip abduction moment in early and late stance). The shaded areas represent equal boundaries of ±1SE for controls. The horizontal bracket and star in (D) indicate the significant interaction effect between the operated and the non-operated limb during the stance phase.