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Table 3 Group comparisons of neck flexibility and proprioception

From: Evidence for a general stiffening motor control pattern in neck pain: a cross sectional study

 

Neck pain (n = 75)

Healthy controls (n = 91)

p

Neck flexibility

   

Flexion/extension (°) 1

110.1 (105.7-114.5)

126.2 (122.3-130.2)

<0.01

CM (°)1

12.3 (11.3-13.3)

16.5 (15.6-17.4)

<0.01

CM (°)2

12.9 (11.9-14.0)

16.0 (15.1-16.9)

<0.01

CM (°)3

13.7 (12.4-15.0)

15.4 (14.4-16.3)

0.03

Peak velocity (°/s)1

70.6 (62.5-78.7)

115.6 (108.4-122.8)

<0.01

Peak velocity (°/s)2

75.0 (66.8- 83.1)

112.1 (104.9-119.4)

<0.01

Rotation (°) 1

128.2 (124.3-132.2)

140.7 (137.2-144.2)

<0.01

CM (°)1

19.8 (18.0-21.6)

25.1 (23.5-26.7)

<0.01

CM (°)2

20.6 (18.7-22.4)

24.5 (22.8-26.1)

<0.01

CM (°)3

21.1 (19.2-23.1))

24.0 (22.3-25.7)

0.04

Peak velocity (°/s)1

109.3 (98.9-119.7)

158.9 (149.6-168.3)

<0.01

Peak velocity (°/s)2

114.3 (103.9-124.7)

154.9 (145.7-164.2)

<0.01

Lateral flexion (°) 1

68.1 (64.7-71.6)

72.6 (69.5-75.7)

0.06

CM (°)1

45.7 (40.1-51.3)

62.5 (57.5-67.5)

<0.01

CM (°)2

44.9 (39.4- 50.5)

63.1 (58.1-68.0)

<0.01

CM (°)3

52.7 (47.6-57.7)

56.9 (52.4-61.4)

0.25

Peak velocity (°/s)1

57.9 (52.2-63.5)

85.7 (80.6-90.7)

<0.01

Peak velocity (°/s)2

58.6 (53.0- 64.2)

85.1 (80.1-90.1)

<0.01

Total cervical ROM (°) 1

306.5 (296.5-316.5)

339.5 (330.6-348.5)

<0.01

Proprioception

   

JPE (°)2

5.6 (5.2-6.1)

5.1 (4.6-5.5)

0.11

  1. Maximal cervical ROM, conjunct motion and peak velocity in the three primary neck movement planes.
  2. Given values are mean (95 % CI) adjusted for 3 different models of covariates.
  3. 1 Adjusted for age and gender (model 1).
  4. 2 Adjusted for age, gender, and cervical ROM (model 2).
  5. 3 Adjusted for age, gender, cervical ROM, and peak velocity (model 3).
  6. p = p- value. ROM = range of motion. CM = conjunct motion in the two accessory movement planes. JPE = joint position error.