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Table 6 Impact of comorbidity on heal rate (HR) in the fresh fracture cohort

From: A cohort study of 4,190 patients treated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS): findings in the elderly versus all patients

 

Overall

 

Heal

  

Elderly

 

Heal

Comorbidity

Healed

Failed

Rate

Lower CI

Upper CI

Healed

Failed

Rate

All fractures

4,032

158

96.2%

95.7%

96.8%

554

28

95.2%

Current smokers

652

35

94.9%

93.3%

96.5%

81

1

98.8%

Diabetes

224

11

95.3%

92.6%

98.0%

110

4

96.5%

Hypertension

188

7

96.3%

93.6%

99.0%

83

2

97.6%

Vascular insufficiency

107

5

95.5%

91.7%

99.4%

56

2

96.6%

Osteoporosis

80

5

94.1%

89.1%

99.1%

57

5

91.9%

Cancer

77

4

95.1%

90.3%

99.8%

50

2

96.2%

Cardiovascular disease

60

2

97.2%

93.3%

100.0%

54

2

96.4%

Alcoholism

68

3

95.8%

91.1%

100.0%

10

0

100.0%

Renal disease

44

1

97.8%

93.5%

100.0%

11

1

91.7%

Rheumatoid arthritis

36

4

90.0%

80.7%

99.3%

21

3

87.5%

  1. The overall heal rate (HR) includes all patients, even if they have comorbidities or are older than age 60. Then various comorbidities are broken out, for the entire fresh fracture cohort overall, and for the elderly cohort (≥60 years of age) specifically. Bolded HR numbers are above the CI associated with “All fractures.” Italic HR numbers are below the CI associated with “All fractures.” In the “Elderly” group, bolded HR numbers are above the CI for the corresponding fracture in the whole cohort, while italic HR numbers are below the CI for the corresponding fracture in the whole cohort. Elderly HR is comparable to the HR of the overall sample.