|
Risk factors(clinical factors)
|
Studies reporting on a risk factor for THA or TKA:total number,number reporting a significant (p ≤ .05) increased (+)or decreased (−)risk,and number with no significant association (p >. 05)
|
|---|
| |
THA
|
TKA
|
|---|
| |
N
|
p ≤ .05
|
p > .05
|
N
|
p ≤ .05
|
p > .05
|
|---|
| | |
+
|
-
| | |
+
|
-
| |
|---|
|
Underlying diagnosis
| | | | | | | | |
|
RA (vs. without RA)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
|
RA (vs. OA)*
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
|
Trauma (vs. OA)
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Osteonecrosis (vs. OA)
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Dysplasia (vs. OA)
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Comorbidity
| | | | | | | | |
|
Higher Charlson index†
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Cardiovascular disease
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Stroke
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
|
Heart disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
|
CHF/MI‡
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
|
Coronary artery disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Valve disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Arrhythmia
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
|
VTE history
|
6
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
|
Venous stasis
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Varicose vein
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
|
Pulmonary disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Sleep apnea
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Neurological disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Liver and kidney disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
CKD3B (vs. CKD1-3A)§
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Metabolic syndrome
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
|
Hypertension
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
|
Dyslipidemia
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
|
Gout
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
Hematological disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
Endocrine disease
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
|
Malignancy
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
|
Medication
| | | | | | | | |
|
Hormone replacement
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
|
Herbal therapy
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
- *RA = rheumatoid arthritis, OA = osteoarthritis. †Charlson inex refers to the classification of the comorbidity of a patient before surgery. ‡CHF = congesive heart failure, MI = Myocardial infarction. §CKD = chronic kidney disease.
