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Table 4 Multivariate models of the predictors of Modic Type II changes and severe disc degeneration, presented for all vertebral levels and for the L5-S1 level separately. Odds ratios (OR) per one standard deviation (SD) are calculated for continuous variables. Subjects with both types are not included in the analyses of Type II.

From: Are the determinants of vertebral endplate changes and severe disc degeneration in the lumbar spine the same? A magnetic resonance imaging study in middle-aged male workers

  

Modic Type II

Severe disc degeneration a

  

All levels1 N = 172

L5-S12 N = 149

All levels3 N = 228

L5-S14 N = 212

 

SD

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Age

4 years

1.55

1.19–1.94

1.60

1.18–2.05

1.52

1.17–1.90

1.51

1.11–1.94

BMI

3 kg/m2

2.29

1.05–3.67

2.75

1.31–4.37

1.70

0.64–2.87

1.54

0.39–2.83

Vibration exposure

11 years

1.00

0.95–1.06

1.05

0.99–1.12

1.05

1.00–1.11

1.08

1.01–1.14

  1. All levels: 1 72 with only Modic II changes and 3 65 with severe disc degeneration.
  2. Level L5-S1: 2 49 with only Modic II changes and 4 49 with severe disc degeneration.
  3. Subjects with type I changes were excluded from the analyses of type II changes.
  4. The reference group in the analyses of Modic changes consisted of 100 subjects with no Modic changes, and in case of severe disc degeneration of 163 subjects with at most grade IV degeneration.
  5. a Severe disc generation = Pfirrmann grade V