Table 1 Characteristics of study participants.
From: Psychometric characteristics of the Spanish version of instruments to measure neck pain disability
Variable; n(%) | N (%) |
|---|---|
N = 221 | |
Gender: | |
Female | 172 (77.8) |
Male | 49 (22.2) |
Age; median (SD) | 48.7 (14.8) |
Recruitment setting | |
Primary care | 43 (19.5) |
Specialized care | 178(80.5) |
Duration of current episode (days); median (P25;P75) | 40.0 (15.0; 90.0) |
Chronicity | |
Acute (1–14 days) | 46 (20.8) |
Subacute (14–90 days) | 152 (68.8) |
Chronic (> 90 days) | 22 (10.0) |
Missing | 1 (0.5) |
Family situation | |
Single | 48 (21.7) |
Married | 131 (59.3) |
Widowed | 19 (8.6) |
Divorced | 21 (9.5) |
Other | 1 (0.5) |
Missing | 1 (0.5) |
Academic level | |
Less than elementary school | 21 (9.5) |
Elementary school | 81 (36.7) |
High school | 74 (33.5) |
University | 39 (17.6) |
Missing | 6 (2.7) |
Working situation | |
Self-employed | 23 (10.4) |
Employed | 121 (54.4) |
Retired | 34 (15.4) |
Without work | 6 (2.7) |
Student | 5 (2.3) |
Housewife | 24 (10.9) |
Missing | 8 (3.6) |
External criterion for neck pain | |
No pain | 7 (3.2) |
Mild pain | 74 (33.5) |
Moderate pain | 83 (37.6) |
Severe pain | 49 (22.2) |
Very severe pain | 8 (3.6) |
External criterion for neck disability | |
None | 7 (3.2) |
Mild | 56 (25.3) |
Moderate | 82 (37.1) |
Severe | 59 (26.7) |
Very severe | 16 (7.2) |
Missing | 1 (0.5) |
X-rays | |
No | 105 (47.5) |
Yes | 116 (52.5) |
CT Scan | |
No | 206 (93.2) |
Yes | 15 (6.8) |
MRI | |
No | 176 (79.6) |
Yes | 45 (20.4) |
Image of cervical disc herniation | |
No | 177 (80.1) |
Yes | 42 (19.0) |
Missing | 2 (0.9) |
Electromyography | |
No | 210 (95.0) |
Yes | 11 (5.0) |
Drug Treatment | |
No | 29 (13.1) |
Yes | 192 (86.9) |
Education (traditional biomechanic) | |
No | 199 (90.0) |
Yes | 21 (9.5) |
Missing | 1 (0.5) |
Education (active management) | |
No | 214 (96.8) |
Yes | 7 (3.2) |
Physiotherapy (passive) | |
No | 182 (82.4) |
Yes | 39 (17.6) |
Exercise | |
No | 196 (88.7) |
Yes | 25 (11.3) |
Rehabilitation | |
No | 208 (94.1) |
Yes | 13 (5.9) |
NRT intervention | |
No | 195 (88.2) |
Yes | 26 (11.8) |
Epidural injections | |
No | 219 (99.1) |
Yes | 2 (0.9) |
Facet joint denervation | |
No | 216 (97.7) |
Yes | 5 (2.3) |
Surgery | |
No | 219 (99.1) |
Yes | 2 (0.9) |
Other treatments | |
No | 204 (92.3) |
Yes | 17 (7.7) |