Figure 3

HAS gene expression after addition of GlcN-HCl or Gluc to human synovium explants. Change in HAS gene expression in human osteoarthritic synovium explants after culture with glucosamine or glucose. Synovium explants were pre-cultured for 1 day, followed by 2 days of treatment with 0.5 mM GlcN-HCl (N = 6), 5 mM GlcN-HCl (N = 5), 0.5 mM Gluc (N = 5) and 5 mM Gluc (N = 6). The n-fold change for HAS1 (panel A), HAS2 (panel B) and HAS3 (panel C), normalized to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and relative to the untreated control (indicated by the dotted line) is displayed on the vertical axis. Negative values indicate down-regulation and positive values indicate up-regulation of gene expression. No statistically significant differences were found.