Table 2 Results of Inter- and intra-observer reliability
From: Reliability of movement control tests in the lumbar spine
Results inter-observer reliability | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Waiters | Pelvic | One leg | One leg | Sitting | Rocking | Rocking | Prone knee | Prone knee | Crook | |
test | bow | tilt | stance R. | stance L. | Knee ext. | Fx. | Ext. | Bend Ext. | bend Rot. | lying |
pair 1 | ||||||||||
Kappa Coefficient (CI 95%) | 0.71 (0.50–0.92) | 0.60 (0.36–0.84) | 0.56 (0.27–0.85) | 0.70 (0.57–0.93) | 0.80 (0.61–0.99) | 0.68 (0.45–0.91) | 0.66 (0.39–0.93) | 0.75 (0.52–0.98) | 0.62 (0.37–0.87) | 0.44 (0.18–0.70) |
% Agreement | 85.7 | 80.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 90.4 | 88.0 | 92.8 | 97.6 | 90.5 | 78.6 |
Std Error | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.13 |
P-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.003 |
pair 2 | ||||||||||
Kappa (CI 95%) | 0.52 (0.29–0.75) | 0.70 (0.48–0.92) | 0.29 (0.00–0.84) | 0.80 (0.54–1.00) | 0.64 (0.40–0.88) | 0.45 (0.16–0.74) | 0.69 (0.37–1.00) | 0.19 (0.00–0.42) | 0.54 (0.28–0.80) | 0.32 (0.10–0.54) |
% Agreement | 75.0 | 92.5 | 97.5 | 92.5 | 95.0 | 90.0 | 92.5 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 65.0 |
Std Error | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.26 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.11 |
P-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.053 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.004 | < 0.001 | 0.11 | 0.001 | 0.012 |
Kappa Ø | 0.62 | 0.65 | 0.43 | 0.65 | 0.72 | 0.57 | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0.58 | 0.38 |
Results intra-observer reliability | ||||||||||
Observer 1 | ||||||||||
kappa | 0.75 (0.55–0.95) | 0.80 (0.61–0.99) | 0.64 (0.40–0.88) | 0.67 (0.44–0–90) | 1.0 | 0.73 (0.44–1.00) | 0.22 (0.00–0.64) | 0.59 (0.29–0.81) | 0.60 (0.31–0.91) | 0.84 (0.66–1.00) |
% Agreement | 97.5 | 95.0 | 92.5 | 87.5 | 100 | 97.5 | 95.0 | 92.5 | 92.5 | 97.5 |
Std Error | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.0 | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.09 |
P-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.16 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Observer 2 | ||||||||||
Kappa (CI 95%) | 1.0 | 0.8 (0.61–0.99) | 0.69 (0.29–0.99) | 1.0 | 0.9 (0.77–1.00) | 0.70 (0.48–0.92) | 0.8 (0.56–1.00) | 0.8 (0.62–0.98) | 0.95 (0.94–0.96) | 0.88 (0.71–1.00) |
% Agreement | 100 | 95 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 97.5 | 100 | 92.5 | 100 | 97.5 |
Std Error | 0.0 | 0.09 | 0.23 | 0.0 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.94 | 0.05 | 0.09 |
P-value | 0.000 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.000 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Kappa Ø | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.67 | 0.84 | 0.95 | 0.72 | 0.51 | 0.70 | 0.78 | 0.86 |