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Table 1 Numbers and proportions of new-onset traumatic and non-traumatic musculoskeletal pain in 1113 follow-up responders free of musculoskeletal pain at baseline, stratified by baseline factors (Lahti schoolchildren population sample, 1995–1996).

From: Risk factors for development of non-specific musculoskeletal pain in preteens and early adolescents: a prospective 1-year follow-up study

Variables

Category

Total number

Non-traumatic musculoskeletal pain, N (%)

Traumatic musculoskeletal pain, N (%)

Sex

Male

542

86 (15.9)

24 (4.4)

 

Female

571

130 (22.8)

20 (3.5)

Age

9–10 years

538

99 (18.4)

22 (4.1)

 

11–13 years

575

117 (20.3)

22 (3.8)

°Headache

Yes

228

66 (29.0)

12 (5.3)

 

No

867

150 (17.3)

31 (3.6)

°Abdominal pain

Yes

118

37 (31.4)

5 (4.2)

 

No

980

178 (18.2)

38 (3.9)

°Feeling sad/down

Yes

126

38 (30.2)

6 (4.8)

 

No

963

174 (18.1)

37 (3.8)

°Difficulty falling asleep

Yes

203

61 (30.0)

12 (5.9)

 

No

894

150 (16.8)

31 (3.5)

°Day-time tiredness

Yes

245

73 (29.8)

17 (6.9)

 

No

856

140 (16.4)

26 (3.0)

°Waking up during nights

Yes

135

38 (28.1)

9 (6.7)

 

No

959

174 (18.1)

34 (3.5)

aHypermobility score

Less than 6

83

13 (15.7)

2 (2.4)

 

6 or more

983

193 (19.6)

39 (4.0)

Frequency of exercise

0–2 times a week

587

114 (19.4)

16 (2.7)

 

3–4 times a week

342

65 (19.0)

14 (4.1)

 

5–7 times a week

150

32 (21.3)

12 (8.0)

  1. °Symptoms reported in a frequency of at least once a week.
  2. aUsing Beighton test. A child was categorized as hypermobile if his/her hypermobility score was six or more.