• SC present at rest or elicited by movement
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• Prior fractures and/or surgery of the shoulder
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• SC episode lasting no longer than 3 months
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• (Suspected) referred pain from internal organs
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• First episode of SC for 12 months
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• SCs with a confirmed extrinsic cause
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• Newly presented episode (no prior consultations or treatments for this episode in the previous three months)
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• Inability to complete a questionnaire independently
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• Older than 18 years
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• Presence of dementia or other severe psychiatric abnormalities
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• Living in the south of the Netherlands
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