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Table 1 Individual characteristics and self-reported determinants for musculoskeletal disorders among shipyard employees (n = 853)

From: Musculoskeletal disorders in shipyard industry: prevalence, health care use, and absenteeism

 

White collar workers (n = 229)

Blue collar worker (n = 624)

Age (y, mean (SD))

36.8 (9.1)

38.7 (9.5)

Height (cm, mean(SD))

174.9 (8.8)

176.1 (6.5)

Body mass index

  

   (kg/m2, mean (SD))

26.0 (4.8)

27.4 (4.0)

Educational level (%) *

  

   Higher

46.9

3.4

   Technical

29.6

60.3

   Basic

23.5

36.3

Duration of employment *

  

   (y, mean (SD))

9.5 (8.8)

16.0 (10.0)

Family situation (%) *

  

   Alone

24.6

12.4

   Relatives/friends

75.4

87.6

Manual material handling (%) *

6.0

21.8

Strenuous shoulder/hand movements (%) *

34.6

66.7

Strenuous (awkward) postures (%) *

17.3

53.6

Perceived exertion (score, mean (SD)) *

11.05 (3.65)

14.01 (2.72)

Psychosocial load (score, mean (SD)):

  

   Job control

41.24 (24.04)

40.53 (22.25)

   Work demands *

44.36 (22.40)

36.47 (21.36)

General health

  

   Need for recovery (score, mean (SD)

40.55 (28.52)

39.41 (26.85)

   Perceived general health (score, mean (SD) *

21.72 (21.43)

17.38 (18.97)

   Musculoskeletal co-morbidity (%) *

24.1

16.3

  1. * x2 or t-test, p < 0.05