Table 5 Rib Fracture Results Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals point estimates for each risk factor in the development of a new fracture at the rib

Weight (< 57 Kg) *Reference Level: ≥ 57 Kg

0.47

0.222; 1.011

Use of Arms to Rise *Reference Level: rise without arms

1.93

0.868; 4.272

Smoking Status *Reference Level: no smoking

1.94

0.903; 4.179

Age (65 to 69 y) *Reference Level: < 65

1.42

0.631; 3.210

Age (70–74 y) *Reference Level: < 65

1.58

0.709; 3.516

Age (75–79 y) *Reference Level: < 65

2.26

0.928; 5.486

Age (80–84 y) *Reference Level: < 65

2.69

0.950; 7.625

Age (85+y) *Reference Level: < 65

1.04

0.126; 8.478

Previous Fracture After 50 y

*Reference Level: no fracture after 50

2.16

1.201; 3.874

Maternal History of Fracture

*Reference Level: no family history

2.89

1.035; 8.081

Osteoporotic (<-2.5 SD)**

*Reference Level: normal BMD

3.89

0.367; 41.263