Table 2 Characteristics of included studies

Neilipovitz DT, 2001 [15]

RCT

I: 10 mg/kg

Posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis, 16 pts accepted autologous bone harvest

Blood loss, blood transused, Hb, Plt, PTT, DVT

0

Hb ≤ 7 g/L

5

M: 1 mg/kg/h

P: Unclear

Sethna NF, 2005 [16]

RCT

I: 100 mg/kg

Thirty six pts for posterior spinal instrumentation and 8 for anterior–posterior instrumentation

Blood loss, blood transused, Hct, PT, Plt, PTT, DVT

0

Hct ≤ 25%

5

M: 10 mg/kg/h

P: Saline

Wong J, 2008 [17]

RCT

I: 10 mg/kg

Thoracic, thoracolumbar or lumbar spinal decompression and instrumented fusion

Blood loss, blood transused, Hb, PT, PTT, DVT

TXA: 1 pts MI

Hb ≤ 7 g/L

5

M: 1 mg/kg/h

P: 1 pts DVT

P: Saline

Elwatidy S, 2008 [19]

RCT

I: 2 g for adouts, 30 mg/kg for children

Eighteen pts had multiple level anterior cervical discectomy with or without fixation, 37 had spinal decompression for multisegment spinal stenosis, 9 had laminectomy and excision of spinal tumor

Blood loss, blood transused, Hb, Hct, DVT

0

Hb ≤ 9 g/L

5

M: 100 mg/h for adouts, 1 mg/kg/h for children

Hct ≤ 27%

P: Saline

Farrokhi MR, 2011 [18]

RCT

I: 10 mg/kg

Posterior thoracic or lumbar instrumented spinal fusion at 4 to 6 vertebrae

Blood loss, blood transused, Hb, PT, PTT, DVT

0

Hb ≤ 10 g/L

5

M: 1 mg/kg/h

P: Saline

Tsutsumimoto T, 2011 [20]

RCT

I: 15 mg/kg

Cervical laminoplasty from C3 to C6

Blood loss, Hb, Hct, PT, PTT, DVT, hematoma formation

0

Not mention

4

P: Saline