Table 1 Comparison of data between the percutaneous and open groups

Age (yr)

59.6

64.7

0.113

Sex

14 males

11 males

0.085

6 females

14 females

Anterior operative time (min)

149 ± 39.5

156 ± 33.7

0.534

Anterior blood loss (mL)

577.5 ± 203.4

594 ± 194.1

0.788

Posterior operative time (min)

102.5 ± 28.3

129 ± 20.9

0.001*

Posterior blood loss (mL)

89 ± 34.6

344.8 ± 155.2

<0.001*

Number of analgesic injections

3.9 ± 2.1

5 ± 1.4

0.042*

VAS score, next day after posterior instrumentation

4 ± 1.3

5.5 ± 1.2

<0.001*

VAS score, 7 days after posterior instrumentation

2.8 ± 1.2

3.5 ± 0.9

0.03*