Test (missing values) | Prevalence of positive findings | Agreement | Reliability | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rater 1 (N = 39) | Rater 2 (N = 36) | Rater 1 | Rater 2 | Rater 1 | Rater 2 | ||||
Ex 1% (n) | Ex 2% (n) | Ex 1% (n) | Ex 2% (n) | Pa(%) | Pa(%) | Kappa (95% CI) | Kappa (95% CI) | ||
Scoliosis | |||||||||
Shoulder height | 28.2 (11) | 18.0 (7) | 36.1 (13) | 30.6 (11) | 84.6 | 69.4 | 0.59 (0.36, 0.85) | 0.39 (0.37, 0.58) | |
Adam’s forward bend test (1) | 12.8 (5) | 18.0 (7) | 11.4 (4) | 5.6 (2) | 84.6 | 94.3 | 0.41 (0.03, 0.80) | 0.64 (0.19, 1.00)* | |
Hypermobility | |||||||||
Knee | R | 0.0 (0) | 2.6 (1) | 8.3 (3) | 5.6 (2) | 97.4 | 97.2 | - | 0.79 (0.38, 1.00)* |
L | 0.0 (0) | 2.6 (1) | 5.6 (2) | 2.8 (1) | 97.4 | 97.2 | - | 0.65 (0.03, 1.00)* | |
Elbow | R | 15.4 (6) | 23.1 (9) | 19.4 (7) | 16.7 (6) | 92.3 | 86.1 | 0.76 (0.50, 1.00) | 0.53 (0.17, 0.89) |
L | 25.6 (10) | 30.8 (12) | 22.2 (8) | 27.8 (10) | 94.9 | 94.4 | 0.87 (0.71, 1.00) | 0.85 (0.66, 1.00) | |
Thumb | R | 10.3 (4) | 10.3 (4) | 13.9 (5) | 13.9 (5) | 100.0 | 94.4 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)* | 0.77 (0.46, 1.00) |
L | 12.8 (5) | 10.3 (4) | 8.3 (3) | 11.1 (4) | 92.3 | 97.2 | 0.62 (0.24, 1.00)* | 0.84 (0.54, 1.00)* | |
Fifth finger | R | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 2.8 (1) | 0.0 (0) | - | - | - | - |
L | 2.6 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 2.8 (1) | 2.8 (1) | - | 97.2 | - | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)* | |
Trunk flexion (4) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 2.9 (1) | 2.9 (1) | 97.4 | 100.0 | - | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)* | |
Beighton score ≥ 4 | 2.6 (1) | 5.1 (2) | 5.6 (2) | 5.6 (2) | 97.4 | 100.0 | 0.66 (0.03, 1.00)* | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)* | |
Beighton score ≥ 5 | 0.0 (0) | 2.6 (1) | 5.6 (2) | 5.6 (2) | 97.4 | 100.0 | - | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)* | |
Intersegmental mobility | |||||||||
Restriction | Cx | 74.4 (29) | 76.9 (30) | 86.1 (31) | 91.7 (33) | 92.3 | 88.9 | 0.79 (0.57, 1.00) | 0.44 (-0.01,- 0.89) |
Tx | 15.4 (6) | 18.0 (7) | 58.3 (21) | 50.0 (18) | 92.3 | 69.4 | 0.72 (0.43, 1.00) | 0.39 (0.09, 0.69) | |
Lx | 38.5 (15) | 56.4 (22) | 47.2 (17) | 41.7 (15) | 71.8 | 77.8 | 0.45 (0.19, 0.71) | 0.55 (0.28, 0.82) | |
SI | 2.6 (1) | 2.6 (1) | 22.2 (8) | 11.1 (4) | 94.9 | 83.3 | -0.03 (-0.09, 0.04)* | 0.41 (0.04, 0.78)* | |
Pain response | Cx | 35.9 (14) | 33.3 (13) | 44.4 (16) | 38.9 (14) | 87.2 | 88.9 | 0.72 (0.49, 0.95) | 0.77 (0.56, 0.98) |
Tx | 12.8 (5) | 18.0 (7) | 33.3 (12) | 38.9 (14) | 94.9 | 83.3 | 0.80 (0.55, 1.00) | 0.64 (0.38, 0.90) | |
Lx | 25.6 (10) | 33.3 (13) | 27.8 (10) | 38.9 (14) | 92.3 | 88.9 | 0.82 (0.62, 1.00) | 0.75 (0.53, 0.97) | |
SI | 5.1 (2) | 2.6 (1) | 8.3 (3) | 8.3 (3) | 92.3 | 94.4 | -0.04 (-0.11, 0.04)* | 0.64 (0.17, 1.00)* | |
End range pain | |||||||||
Lumbar | R lat flex (2) | 5.1 (2) | 5.1 (2) | 2.9 (1) | 8.6 (3) | 100.0 | 91.2 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)* | 0.00 ( - , 1.00)* |
L lat flex (2) | 12.8 (5) | 5.1 (2) | 2.9 (1) | 8.6 (3) | 92.3 | 88.2 | 0.54 (0.09, 0.98)* | -0.05 (-0.14, 0.05)* | |
Flex | 18.0 (7) | 12.8 (5) | 2.8 (1) | 5.6 (2) | 79.5 | 91.7 | 0.22 (-0.16, 0.60) | -0.04 (-0.12, 0.04)* | |
Ext (4) | 23.7 (9) | 23.7 (9) | 34.3 (12) | 25.7 (9) | 94.6 | 82.4 | 0.85 (0.66, 1.00) | 0.58 (0.28, 0.88) | |
Cervical | R Rot (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 5.6 (2) | 2.8 (1) | - | 94.4 | - | 0.00 ( - , 1.00)* |
L Rot (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 5.6 (2) | 0.0 (0) | - | 91.7 | - | -0.04 (-0.12, 0.04)* | |
Flex (1) | 5.3 (2) | 5.1 (2) | 5.6 (2) | 2.8 (1) | 100.0 | 97.2 | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)* | 0.65 (0.03, 1.00)* | |
Ext (1) | 2.6 (1) | 5.1 (2) | 5.6 (2) | 5.6 (2) | 97.4 | 94.4 | 0.66 (0.03, 1.00)* | 0.47 (-0.15, 1.00)* |