Table 1 Patient demographics data

Age, mean ± SD, y

65.59 ± 7.74

57.30 ± 9.09

0.003

Sex, female/male, n

12/10

16/4

0.81

Operating time, mean ± SD, min

187.82 ± 37.49

191.65 ± 46.67

0.770

Blood loss, mean ± SD, cc

474.09 ± 331.31

387.25 ± 251.39

0.348

Hospital stay, mean ± SD, d

7.82 ± 2.40

8.10 ± 2.20

0.695

Level (n)

L3-4

2

0

L4-5

17

4

<0.001

L5-S1

3

16

Vacuum type, n

Static view

12

16

Flexion view

0

8

<0.001

Extension view

22

20

Comorbidity, n(%)

15(68.1)

8(40)

0.067

Perioperative complications, n(%)

3(13.6)

2(10)

0.716

Adjacent segment disease, n(%)

3(13.6)

1(5)

0.341

Revision surgery, n(%)

4(18.1)

2(10)

0.449

Fused segments, n(%)

25(56.8)

36(90)

0.019