Standard Mills position | Varied position | Mean percentage change in myoelectric activity | P value | Observed power | Effect size | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Test muscles | Brachioradialis | Mean 13.71 (SD 16.34) | Mean 1.63 (SD 0.61) | −88.1% | ≤.001 | 0.99 | 0.73 |
Biceps Brachii | Mean 14.44 (SD 21.2) | Mean 2.26 (SD 0.80) | −84.56% | ≤.001 | 1 | 0.58 | |
Upper Trapezius | Mean 134.63 (SD 99.51) | Mean 37.08 (SD 33.58) | −72.46% | ≤.001 | 1 | 1.31 | |
Triceps Brachii | Mean 28.71 (SD 20.67) | Mean 8.98 (SD 6.46) | −68.73% | ≤.001 | 1 | 1.27 | |
Pectoralis Major | Mean 9.64 (SD 3) | Mean 6.34 (SD 2.92) | −34.18% | ≤.001 | 0.99 | 1.14 | |
Non-protective muscle | Lower Trapezius | Mean 12.22 (SD 7.26) | Mean 24.71 (SD 21.64) | +102.25% | ≤.001 | 0.92 | 0.63 |