Table 4 Summary of translation, cultural adaptation and validation studies of the ASES
Number of subjects (age range, years) | Language/validation study | Time interval between the first and the second measurement | Reproducibility ICC (95% Cl) | Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) | Convergent validity ASES and other questionnaire | Convergent validity ASES and SF-36 PCS | Convergent validity ASES and SF-36 MCS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Piitulainen K et al. present data | n = 105 | Finnish | 2 weeks | 0.83 (0.70 to 0.90), n = 55 | 0.88 (0.84 to 0.91) | SST | ||
r = 0.73 | r = 0.57 | r = 0.21 | ||||||
(18-88) | ||||||||
0.79 (0.69 to 0.86), n = 105 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ns | |||||
Celik D et al. [6] | n = 63 | Turkish | 3-7 days | 0.94 | 0.88 | SPADI | ||
(18–74) | ||||||||
r = – 0.82 | r = 0.02 | r = 0.53 | ||||||
p < 0.001 | p = 0.82 | p < 0.000 | ||||||
Yahia A et al. [12] | n = 80 | Arabic | 1-3 days n = 30 | 0.96 (0.92 to 0.98) | 0.76 | SPADI | - | - |
(20-80) | r = –0.80 | |||||||
p < 0.001 | ||||||||
Padua R et al. 2010 | n = 50 | Italian | 7 days n = 20 | 0.91 | 0.85 | DASH | ||
(33-78) | r = –0.92 | r = 0.48 | r = –0.20 | |||||
p < 0.02 | p < 0.01 | ns | ||||||
OSQ | ||||||||
r = 0.78 | ||||||||
p < 0.02 | ||||||||
Goldhahn J et al. [7] | n = 118 | German | 7 days | 0.93 (0.90 to 0.95) | 0.96 | SPADI | ||
r = 0.92 | r = 0.64 | Overall SF-36 | ||||||
(33 to 89) | ||||||||
DASH | r = 0.66 | |||||||
r = 0.84 | ||||||||
Kocher et al. [9] | n = 1066 | Validation study English | 4 weeks | 0.94 (n = 56) age range 15-78 years | 0.61 instability 0.64 rotator cuff disease 0.62 arthritis | - | SF-12 | SF-12 |
r = 0.32-0.58 | r = –0.09-0.11 | |||||||
(13-95) | ||||||||
p < 0.001-0.002 | p = 0.27-0.67 | |||||||
Michener et al. [10] | n = 63 | Validation study English | 24 to 72 hours, and after 3 to 4 weeks | 0.84 (0.75 to 0.91) | 0.86 | Penn Score | ||
(20-81) | ||||||||
r = 0.78 | r = 0.40 | r = 0.15 | ||||||
p < 0.01 | p = 0.001 | p = 0.25 | ||||||