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Table 3 Association of patients expectations jointly with changes in HRQoL at 12 months adjusting for baseline HRQoL scores and other covariables by general linear models (n = 892)

From: A prospective study of the association of patient expectations with changes in health-related quality of life outcomes, following total joint replacement

Covariables and expectations

Changes in WOMAC

Changes in SF-12

 

Pain

Stiffness

Function

PCS

MCS

 

β

p value

β

p value

β

p value

β

p value

β

p value

Baseline HRQoL

0.82

<0.0001

0.94

<0.0001

0.72

<0.0001

-0.75

<0.0001

-0.69

<0.0001

BMI

      

-0.25

0.0175

  

Joint

          

Knee

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

    

Hip

4.16

0.0013

5.65

<0.0001

3.24

0.0207

    

Highest degree

          

Secondary education/ University

6.60

0.0011

    

3.91

0.0011

  

Primary education

3.09

0.0517

    

*Ref.

  

None

Ref.

        

Previous intervention

          

Yes

    

-3.91

0.0064

    

No

    

Ref.

    

Expectations

          

Pain Relief

          

Low

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

  

Ref.

High

10.52

<0.0001

6.63

0.0079

11.14

<0.0001

  

4.96

0.0081

Very high

10.22

<0.0001

7.95

0.0009

11.99

<0.0001

  

6.97

<0.0001

Ability to walk

          

Low or High

Ref.

  

Ref.

Ref.

  

Very high

3.32

0.0370

  

3.78

0.0248

3.89

<0.0001

  

R 2

0.45

0.57

0.35

0.24

0.42

  1. Ref: reference group.
  2. *In this case there has been grouped the reference group (primary and none education).
  3. Baseline Score direction: WOMAC, higher scores indicating worse HRQoL; SF-12, higher scores indicating better HRQoL.
  4. BMI, Body Mass Index; WOMAC, Westen Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; SF-12, Short Form 12; PCS, physical component summary of the SF-12; MCS, mental component summary of the SF-12. Ref: reference group.
  5. Changes are calculated so that a positive value indicates improvement and a negative value, worsening in all questionnaires.