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Table 2 Summary of pooled standardized mean differences

From: Comparing lumbo-pelvic kinematics in people with and without back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Position and movement differences between people with and without LBP (number of studies included in meta-analysis) Standardised mean difference (95% CI) for all studies suitable for meta-analysis
Lordosis*, n = 8 0.01 (-0.09 to 0.11), p = 0.89
Flexion**, n = 14 -0.62 (-0.94 to -0.29), p < 0.01
Extension**, n = 9 -0.54 (-0.81 to -0.27), p < 0.01
Lateral Flexion**, n = 9 -0.73 (-1.14 to -0.33), p < 0.01
Rotation**, n = 9 -0.49 (-0.76 to -0.22), p = 0.04
Lumbar versus Hip end-range flexion ROM**, n = 4 -0.21 (-0.52 to 0.09), p = 0.17
Pelvic tilt angle in standing†, n = 3 0.24 (-0.03 to 0.50), p = 0.08
Speed/Acceleration‡, n = 8 -1.24 (-1.58 to -0.90), p < 0.0001
Proprioception (re-position accuracy)§, n = 12 1.04 (0.64 to 1.45), p < 0.0001
  1. *Positive numbers indicate larger lordosis for the LBP group, **negative numbers indicate reduced ROM for the LBP group, † positive numbers indicate larger anterior tilt, ‡negative numbers indicate reduced speed of movement for the LBP group, §positive numbers indicate greater error rate in re-positioning (reduced proprioception).
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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