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Table 2 Comparisons of four primary and five secondary findings on magnetic resonance imaging between low-grade and high-grade instability on the Lachman and pivot shift tests ( n  =  154)

From: Can magnetic resonance imaging findings predict the degree of knee joint laxity in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?

Parameter

Lachman test

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Pivot shift test

OR (95% CI)

P-value

 

Low (n  =  86)

High (n  =  68)

  

Low (n  =  25)

High (n  =  129)

  

Primary findings

        

Nonvisualization

15

24

2.6 (1.2–5.5)

0.011

3

36

2.8 (0.8–10.1)

0.094

Discontinuity

57

36

1.1 (0.4–2.7)

0.914

18

75

0.8 (0.3–2.7)

0.764

Abnormal signal

46

31

1.3 (0.6–2.8)

0.579

16

61

0.7 (0.2–1.9)

0.448

Abnormal shape

43

30

1.4 (0.6–3.0)

0.451

15

58

0.7 (0.3–2.0)

0.534

Secondary findings

        

Deep sulcus sign

31

19

0.7 (0.4–1.4)

0.286

10

40

0.7 (0.3–1.6)

0.380

Segond fracture

3

1

0.4 (0.04–4.1)

0.630

1

3

0.6 (0.1–5.7)

0.511

PCL angle (<105°)

31

32

1.6 (0.8–3.0)

0.168

9

54

1.3 (0.5–3.1)

0.585

Anterior translation (≥7 mm)

51

46

1.4 (0.7–2.8)

0.287

9

88

3.8 (1.6–9.4)

0.002

Bone contusion

        

Absent or medial compartment

34

29

1.1 (0.6–2.2)

0.696

9

54

1.3 (0.5–3.1)

0.585

Lateral compartment

26

22

1.1 (0.6–2.2)

0.778

7

41

1.2 (0.5–3.1)

0.709

Both compartments

26

17

0.8 (0.4–1.6)

0.472

9

34

1.1 (0.6–2.2)

0.325

  1. P-values less than 0.05 are shown in bold. Abbreviation: n number, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval.