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Table 2 Adjusted mean Cobb angle of kyphosis according to volumes of paraspinal muscle and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) among 475 men aged ≥65 years

From: Kyphosis and paraspinal muscle composition in older men: a cross-sectional study for the osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) research group

 

Least square mean (95% CI) for Cobb angle of kyphosis (degrees) within tertile of muscle measure

Muscle volume tertile (from lowest to highest)

1

2

3

p-trend

Full analytic sample a

MODEL 1

Total paraspinal muscle volume(includes paraspinal muscle and IMAT volume combined)

38.2 (36.4, 40.1)

38.2 (36.4, 40.0)

36.1 (34.2, 38.0)

0.12

MODEL 2

Paraspinal Muscle Volume

38.8 (36.9 – 40.7)

37.3 (35.5 – 39.2)

36.3 (34.4 – 38.2)

0.08

Paraspinal IMAT Volume

37.6 (35.7 – 39.5)

37.4 (35.5 – 39.2)

37.5 (35.6 – 39.4)

0.96

Among those with no prevalent vertebral fracture b

MODEL 1

Total paraspinal muscle volume (includes paraspinal muscle and IMAT volume combined)

37.5 (35.6, 39.4)

37.8 (35.9, 39.6)

35.9 (33.9, 37.9)

0.28

MODEL 2

Paraspinal Muscle Volume

38.5 (36.6 – 40.5)

36.6 (34.7 – 38.5)

36.1 (34.2 – 38.1)

0.10

Paraspinal IMAT Volume

36.9 (34.9 – 38.8)

37.3 (35.4– 39.1)

37.1 (35.1 – 39.1)

0.87

Among those with BMI < 30 kg/m 2 a

MODEL 1

Total paraspinal muscle volume (includes paraspinal muscle and IMAT volume combined)

39.0 (36.9, 41.2)

38.9 (36.9, 40.8)

35.9 (33.8, 38.0)

0.04

MODEL 2

Paraspinal Muscle Volume

40.0 (37.8 – 42.1)

37.6 (35.7 - 39.6)

36.3 (34.2 – 38.4)

0.02

Paraspinal IMAT Volume

38.5 (36.3 - 40.6)

38.1 (36.1 - 40.1)

37.3 (35.2 - 39.5)

0.48

  1. aLeast square means and 95% CI estimated from multiple linear regression adjusted for age, height, prevalent vertebral fracture, and total hip BMD with paraspinal muscle volume and paraspinal IMAT in the same model. bLeast square means and 95% CI estimated from multiple linear regression adjusted for age, height, and total hip BMD with paraspinal muscle volume and paraspinal IMAT in the same model.
  2. kg/m2 = kilograms/meter2.