High short-term and long-term excess mortality in geriatric patients after hip fracture: a prospective cohort study in Taiwan

Table 4 Cox regression analysis showing hazard ratios for long-term mortality after hip fracture

Variable^*	Survivals (%)	Deaths (%)	Unadjusted HR (CI)	p value	Adjusted HR^*(CI)	p value	PARP (CI)
Hip fracture
No	197 (95.2)	10 (4.8)	1.0		1.0
Yes	142 (74.7)	48 (25.3)	5.4 (2.7-10.7)	< 0.001	2.7 (1.3-5.6)	0.007	48.0% (17.5-75.9)
BMI
> 20	45 (64.3)	25 (35.7)	1.0		1.0
≤ 20	294 (89.9)	33 (10.1)	4.0 (2.4-6.8)	< 0.001	2.5 (1.4-4.3)	0.002	42.8% (12.8-53.5)
T-score
> −2.19	183 (95.3)	9 (4.7)	1.0		1.0
≤ −2.19	93 (75.6)	30 (24.4)	6.1 (2.9-12.9)	<0.001	3.3 (1.4-7.8)	0.017	36.2% (11.7-56.2)
Missing	63 (76.8)	19 (23.2)	5.8 (2.6-12.8)		3.3 (1.3-7.4)
Comorbidity
No	184 (90.6)	19 (9.4)	1.0		1.0
Yes	155 (79.9)	39 (20.1)	2.3 (1.3-4.0)	0.003	2.1 (1.9-3.6)	0.011	34.8% (8.6-57.4)
ADL difficulty
No	288 (89.4)	34 (10.6)	1.00		1.0
Yes	51 (68.0)	24 (32.0)	3.4 (2.0-5.7)	< 0.001	1.9 (1.1-3.4)	0.017	31.8% (3.1-37.9)
Smoking
No	265 (87.5)	38 (12.5)	1.0		1.0
Yes	74 (78.7)	20 (21.3)	1.7 (1–2.9)	0.051	2.5 (1.4-4.4)	0.001	19.2%
Yes	74 (78.7)	20 (21.3)	1.7 (1–2.9)	0.051	2.5 (1.4-4.4)	0.001	(6.7-36.1)

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: 95% confidence intervals; PARP: population attributable risk proportion; BMI: body mass index; ADL: activities of daily living.
^*Multivariate adjustment for all other significant risk factors in univariate analysis; only significant variables in this model were listed. Coordination abnormality, lower Mini Mental State Examination score, older age, vegetarian diet, and less participation in physical exercise were only significant in univariate analyses.

ISSN: 1471-2474