Table 1 BOLD cohort sociodemographic characteristics overall and by healthcare system
From: Back pain in seniors: the Back pain Outcomes using Longitudinal Data (BOLD) cohort baseline data
Demographic variable | Combined | N. CA | Detroit | Boston |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | N = 5239* | N = 3164 | N = 967 | N = 1108 |
Age, mean (SD) years | 73.8 ± 6.9 | 73.7 ± 6.8 | 73.8 ± 6.9 | 73.8 ± 7.1 |
Sex, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 1852 (35%) | 1154 (36%) | 289 (30%) | 409 (37%) |
Female | 3387 (65%) | 2010 (64%) | 678 (70%) | 699 (63%) |
Hispanic, N (%) | 305 (6%) | 270 (9%) | 21 (2%) | 14 (1%) |
Race, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Black or African American | 797 (15%) | 226 (7%) | 485 (50%) | 86 (8%) |
Native American Indian/Alaskan/Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 44 (1%) | 40 (1%) | 4 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Asian | 198 (4%) | 171 (5%) | 18 (2%) | 9 (1%) |
Caucasian | 3843 (73%) | 2430 (77%) | 432 (45%) | 981 (89%) |
Other | 299 (6%) | 246 (8%) | 26 (3%) | 27 (2%) |
Education, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Less than high school graduate | 314 (6%) | 144 (5%) | 154 (16%) | 16 (1%) |
High school graduate or obtained a GED/Vocational, technical/trade school | 1450 (28%) | 794 (25%) | 382 (40%) | 274 (25%) |
Some college | 1275 (24%) | 978 (31%) | 234 (24%) | 63 (6%) |
Four year college graduate | 1290 (25%) | 605 (19%) | 89 (9%) | 596 (54%) |
Professional or graduate degree | 894 (17%) | 633 (20%) | 105 (11%) | 156 (14%) |
Marital, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Married/living with a partner | 3191 (61%) | 1850 (58%) | 451 (47%) | 890 (80%) |
Separated/divorced | 602 (11%) | 423 (13%) | 147 (15%) | 32 (3%) |
Never married and presently single | 256 (5%) | 163 (5%) | 69 (7%) | 24 (2%) |
Widowed | 1175 (22%) | 716 (23%) | 299 (31%) | 160 (14%) |
Employment, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Working full-time/part-time | 602 (11%) | 367 (12%) | 166 (15%) | 69 (7%) |
Retired (not due to ill health) | 4250 (81%) | 2535 (80%) | 913 (82%) | 802 (83%) |
Retired or disabled because of ill health | 146 (3%) | 71 (2%) | 12 (1%) | 63 (7%) |
Other | 220 (4%) | 177 (6%) | 11 (1%) | 32 (3%) |
Legal representation for back pain, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 31 (1%) | 23 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 0 (0%) |
No | 5196 (99%) | 3136 (99%) | 956 (99%) | 1104 (100%) |
Smoking status, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Never Smoked | 2901 (55%) | 1570 (50%) | 675 (70%) | 656 (59%) |
Quit smoking over a year ago | 1999 (38%) | 1422 (45%) | 169 (17%) | 408 (37%) |
Current smoker/quit less than a year ago | 324 (6%) | 164 (5%) | 121 (13%) | 39 (4%) |
Days between index visit and baseline assessment, mean (SD) | 14.6 ± 5.3 | 16.0 ± 4.6 | 16.3 ± 5.3 | 8.9 ± 2.7 |