Reference | ES/Participants (No.) | SMD (95% CI) | Z(p) | Q (p) |
I
2(%)
| Ï„2
| PI (95%) |
---|
Busch et al. (2006)[30]a
| 6/294 |
-0.61 (-0.99 to -0.23)
| -3.12(0.002)*
| 12.0 (0.04)**
| 58.4 | 0.13 | -1.74, 0.53 |
Hauser et al. (2010)[37] | 19/870 |
-0.32 (-0.53 to -0.12)
| -3.13(0.002)*
| 37.0 (0.005)**
| 51.4 | 0.22 | -1.32, 0.68 |
- Notes: No, Number; ES, effect size; SMD, standardized mean difference; 95% CI, 95% confidence intervals; Z(p), Z-value and probability value for Z; Q(p), Cochran’s Q statistic and associated alpha (p) value for Q; I
2
, I-squared statistic for heterogeneity; τ2, tau-squared; PI, prediction intervals, based on a random-effects model; SMD (95% CI) based on random-effects model; Boldfaced values indicate continuous data with non-overlapping confidence intervals; *, statistically significant, p ≤ 0.05; **, statistically significant, p ≤ 0.10; a , original meta-analysis did not pool results as done here, but rather, reported separate subgroup results for aerobic exercise studies meeting the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations[31, 32] (4 studies), those not meeting the recommendations (1 study) and those limited to strength training exercise (1 study).