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Table 3 Cumulative odds ratios (COR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) from multiple ordinal logistic regressions of the lumbar disk degeneration sum score (in four-class ordinal scale) on body mass index (BMI), physical activity per week and pack-years of smoking

From: Body mass index is associated with lumbar disc degeneration in young Finnish males: subsample of Northern Finland birth cohort study 1986

Explanatory factors

Males

Females

 

N = 230

N = 317

 

COR (95% CI)

COR (95% CI)

BMI at 16 years (kg/m2; quartiles)

  

  I

1.00

1.00

  II

1.44 (0.73–2.84)

0.67 (0.37–1.23)

  III

1.64 (0.83–3.25)

0.99 (0.54–1.81)

  IV

2.35 (1.19–4.65)

1.29 (0.72–2.32)

Physical activity level# (MET hours/week; quartiles)

  

  I

1.00 (0.51–1.97)

1.38 (0.76–2.50)

  II

1.00

1.00

  III

1.27 (0.65–2.49)

1.27 (0.69–2.34)

  IV

1.27 (0.65–2.50)

1.52 (0.84–2.75)

Smoking (pack-years*)

  

  None

1.00

1.00

  0.01-3.99

1.47 (0.76–2.83)

1.09 (0.65–1.83)

  ≥4.00

2.41 (0.99–5.86)

1.59 (0.67–3.76)

  1. # Metabolic equivalent (MET) hours per week calculated from physical activity outside school hours; mean value at 16 and 19 years.
  2. * Years of smoking multiplied by the packs of cigarettes smoked daily.