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Table 5 Cohort-stratified path regression results; outcome: mental health score*

From: Heterogeneity in health status and the influence of patient characteristics across patients seeking musculoskeletal orthopaedic care – a cross-sectional study

  

Foot/Ankle

Elbow/Shoulder

Neck/Back

Hip/Knee

  

(n = 349)

(n = 378)

(n = 454)

(n = 767)

   

Outcome: Mental Health Score

 

Predictors

  

Beta Coefficients**

 
 

(95% Confidence Limits)

 

Age

 

0.19

0.20

0.30

0.13

  

(0.06, 0.31)

(0.06, 0.33)

(0.17, 0.43)

(0.03, 0.23)

Sex (ref: Male)

Female

1.03

−3.54

−2.70

−1.00

  

(−2.83, 4.89)

(−7.66, 0.57)

(−6.76, 1.35)

(−3.97, 1.98)

Income (ref: high)

Low

−9.37

−8.82

−4.51

−7.40

  

(−14.96, -3.79)

(−14.80, -2.84)

(−11.18, 2.16)

(−12.00, -2.80)

 

Missing

−2.00

−5.34

0.04

−1.87

  

(−7.95, 3.95)

(−11.88, 1.20)

(−4.21, 4.30)

(−6.08, 2.34)

Education (ref: >high school)

≤ high school

−3.11

−2.74

−4.19

−2.79

  

(−7.69, 1.47)

(−6.96, 1.48)

(−8.27, -0.10)

(−6.07, 0.49)

Race (ref: White)

Asian

4.39

3.61

6.20

0.96

  

(−4.85, 13.64)

(−5.42, 12.63)

(−2.60, 15.00)

(−5.58, 7.49)

 

Black

−15.41

−2.71

−9.71

6.86

  

(−27.14, -3.68)

(−12.77, 7.36)

(−19.89, 0.47)

(0.33, 13.38)

 

Other

−1.37

−0.59

−2.04

0.32

  

(−8.17, 5.44)

(−7.07, 5.88)

(−9.84, 5.76)

(−5.51, 6.15)

 

South Asian

−3.92

−2.22

1.73

0.26

  

(−13.18, 5.35)

(−12.51, 8.06)

(−7.82, 11.29)

(−6.43, 6.95)

Comorbidity Count

 

−3.55

−3.43

−2.63

−2.32

  

(−4.63, -2.48)

(−4.68, -2.18)

(−3.70, -1.55)

(−3.12, -1.53)

Body Mass Index (ref: Normal)

Overweight

0.27

3.18

−2.89

1.06

  

(−4.02, 4.55)

(−1.38, 7.73)

(−7.38, 1.59)

(−2.45, 4.56)

 

Obese

−1.71

2.97

−2.82

1.73

  

(−6.70, 3.28)

(−2.40, 8.33)

(−8.12, 2.48)

(−2.01, 5.48)

  1. *all health domain scores were simultaneously assessed as dependent variables, with allowance for correlations between health domain scores;
  2. **bolded estimates represent statistical significance (i.e. p < 0.05).