From: Vitamin D levels appear to be normal in Danish patients attending secondary care for low back pain and a weak positive correlation between serum level Vitamin D and Modic changes was demonstrated: a cross-sectional cohort study of consecutive patients with non-specific low back pain
Variables
Odds ratio (CI 95%)
Modic changes
0.30 (0.12;0.75)
Muscle weakness
1.08 (0.54;2.15)
Paresthesia
0.79 (0.38;1.62)
Widespread pain
1.10 (0.55;2.19)