Table 2 Baseline clinical characteristics

Age, years, mean (SD)

57 (13)

Male, n (%)

33 (92%)

Ethnicity, n (%)

15 (42%) European

7 (19%) Māori

9 (25%) Pacific

5 (14%) Asian

BMI, (kg/m²), mean (SD)

34 (8)

Cardiovascular disease, n (%)

16 (44%)

Type 2 diabetes, n (%)

7 (19%)

Diuretic use, n (%)

9 (25%)

Urate-lowering therapy use, n (%)

34 (94%)

Colchicine use, n (%)

23 (64%)

Prednisone use, n (%)

10 (28%)

NSAID use, n (%)

22 (61%)

Serum urate, mmol/l, mean (SD)

0.39 (0.13)

Disease duration, years, mean (SD)

15 (11)

Age at first episode, years, mean (SD)

42 (19)

Self-reported flares in preceding 2 months, mean (SD)

3.9 (10.8)

Days off work in last two months, mean (SD)

0.3 (1.5)

In paid employment, n (%)

17 (47%)

Aspirate proven, n (%)

11 (31%)

Foot tophus count, mean (SD)

1.3 (1.8)

Total tophus count, mean (SD)

4.5 (4.1)

Any subcutaneous tophus, n (%)

26 (72%)