Table 1 Frequencies (percentages) and means (standard deviations) of background factors, occupational groups, psychosocial working conditions, and job strain in 1990 for those granted DP due to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), those granted DP due to some other reason (DP other) and those not receiving DP (No DP) during 1993–2008 follow-up (n=24 543)
DP MSD n= 1 774 (7%) | DP other n= 2 480 (10%) | No DP n= 20 290 (83%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
Men | 655 (37) | 1 045 (43) | 10 445 (51) |
Women | 1 119 (63) | 1 426 (58) | 9 845 (49) |
Zygosity | |||
MZ | 678 (38) | 969 (39) | 8 058 (40) |
DZ same-sex | 1 096 (62) | 1 511 (61) | 12 232 (60) |
Age groups | |||
32–44 | 638 (36) | 1 056 (43) | 10 827 (53) |
45–54 | 937 (53) | 1 123 (45) | 6 401 (32) |
55–62 | 199 (11) | 301 (12) | 3 062 (15) |
Marital status | |||
Married | 1 191 (67) | 1 510 (61) | 13 801 (68) |
Unmarried | 583 (33) | 970 (39) | 6 489 (32) |
Children living at home | |||
Yes | 1 022 (58) | 1 399 (56) | 12 936 (64) |
No | 752 (42) | 1 081 (44) | 7 354 (36) |
Educational level | |||
High (≥13 years) | 161 (9) | 527 (21) | 5 319 (26) |
Intermediate (10–12 years) | 772 (44) | 1 051 (42) | 8 573 (42) |
Low (≤9 years) | 841 (47) | 902 (36) | 6 398 (32) |
Type of living area | |||
Urban/semi-urban | 1 097 (62) | 1 708 (69) | 13 994 (69) |
Semirural/rural | 677 (38) | 772 (31) | 6 296 (31) |
Occupational groups defined by sector | |||
Administration& management | 172 (10) | 362 (15) | 3 514 (17) |
Technology, science, social science& art | 143 (8) | 391 (16) | 3 819 (19) |
Health care& social work | 395 (22) | 513 (21) | 3 451 (17) |
Commercial work | 107 (6) | 157 (6) | 1 683 (8) |
Agriculture, forestry& fishing | 60 (3) | 75 (3) | 718 (4) |
Transport | 111 (6) | 140 (6) | 1 045 (5) |
Production& mining | 500 (28) | 560 (23) | 4 143 (20) |
Service& military work | 286 (16) | 282 (11) | 1 917 (9) |
Job strain | |||
High strain | 217 (12) | 344 (14) | 2 784 (14) |
Low strain | 101 (6) | 177 (7) | 1 631 (8) |
Active | 370 (21) | 774 (31) | 7 995 (39) |
Passive | 926 (52) | 954 (38) | 6 336 (31) |
Iso-strain | 160 (9) | 231 (9) | 1 544 (8) |
Psychosocial working conditions | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) |
Job demands (range 1–10, high score is low) | 6.34 (0.74) | 6.12 (0.79) | 5.99 (0.76) |
Job control (range 1–10, high score is high) | 6.04 (1.25) | 6.42 (1.28) | 6.67 (1.27) |
Social support (range 1–10, high score is high) | 6.46 (0.66) | 6.40 (0.62) | 6.34 (0.63) |