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Table 6 Diagnostic accuracy of combinations of history and physical examination variables for a positive response to acromioclavicular joint diagnostic block

From: Shoulder pain in primary care: diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination tests for non-traumatic acromioclavicular joint pain

Number of positive clinical testsa Cell counts Diagnostic accuracy
  TP FN FP TN Sensitivity (95% CI) Specificity (95% CI) PPV (95% CI) NPV (95% CI) LR+ (95% CI) LR- (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
One or more 22 0 116 9 1.00 (0.85, 1.00) 0.07 (0.04, 0.13) 0.16 (0.11, 0.23) 1.00 (0.70, 1.00) 1.08 (1.07, 1.15) 0.00 (0.00, 2.15) 0.84 (0.78, 0.90)
Two or more 21 1 61 70 0.96 (0.78, 0.99) 0.53 (0.45, 0.62) 0.26 (0.17, 0.36) 0.99 (0.92, 1.00) 2.05 (1.61, 2.52) 0.09 (0.02, 0.41) 24.10*** (3.15, 184.45)
Three or more 12 10 22 109 0.55 (0.35, 0.73) 0.83 (0.76, 0.89) 0.35 (0.22, 0.52) 0.92 (0.85, 0.95) 3.25 (1.83, 5.40) 0.55 (0.32, 0.79) 5.95*** (2.29, 15.47)
Four or more 5 17 6 125 0.23 (0.10, 0.43) 0.95 (0.90, 0.98) 0.46 (0.21, 0.72) 0.88 (0.82, 0.92) 4.98 (1.69, 13.84) 0.81 (0.59, 0.95) 6.13** (1.69, 22.27)
Five or more 0 22 0 131 † † † † † † †
  1. Abbreviations. TP, true positives; FN, false negatives; FP, false positives; TN, true negatives; CI, confidence interval; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; LR-, negative likelihood ratio; OR, odds ratio.
  2. Note: Cell counts do not total 153 in some cases due to missing data.
  3. aAny combination of the following positive tests: onset of pain due to repetitive activity; no pain referral below elbow; ACJ thickened or swollen; typical symptoms are not provoked during PROM GHJ abduction or PROM external rotation (90° abduction).
  4. † Invalid calculation (no participants reported five positive clinical tests).
  5. ** P≤0.01; *** P≤0.001.
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