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Table 5 Diagnostic accuracy of individual history and physical examination variables for a positive response to acromioclavicular joint diagnostic block

From: Shoulder pain in primary care: diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination tests for non-traumatic acromioclavicular joint pain

Clinical examination variables Cell counts Diagnostic accuracy
  TP FN FP TN Sensitivity(95% CI) Specificity(95% CI) PPV (95% CI) NPV (95% CI) LR+ (95% CI) LR- (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Onset: repetitive activity 6 16 13 118 0.27 (0.13, 0.48) 0.90 (0.84, 0.94) 0.32 (0.15, 0.54) 0.88 (0.82, 0.93) 2.75 (1.15, 6.07) 0.81 (0.57, 0.98) 3.4* (1.1, 10.2)
No pain referred below elbow 20 0 105 23 1.00 (0.84, 1.00) 0.18 (0.12, 0.26) 0.16 (0.11, 0.23) 1.00 (0.86, 1.00) 1.22 (1.18, 1.34) 0.00 (0.00, 0.92) 0.84* (0.78, 0.91)
ACJ thickened or swollen 15 5 47 77 0.75 (0.53, 0.89) 0.62 (0.53, 0.70) 0.24 (0.15, 0.36) 0.94 (0.87, 0.97) 1.98 (1.33, 2.70) 0.40 (0.28, 0.77) 4.9** (1.7, 14.4)
PROM GHJ abduction – no pain 8 14 18 108 0.36 (0.20, 0.57) 0.86 (0.79, 0.91) 0.31 (0.17, 0.50) 0.89 (0.82, 0.93) 2.55 (1.23, 4.86) 0.74 (0.50, 0.95) 3.4* (1.3, 9.3)
PROM ER900 – no pain 11 11 23 107 0.50 (0.31, 0.69) 0.82 (0.75, 0.88) 0.32 (0.19, 0.49) 0.91 (0.84, 0.95) 2.83 (1.56, 4.76) 0.61 (0.37, 0.85) 4.7** (1.8, 12.0)
  1. Abbreviations. TP, true positives; FN, false negatives; FP, false positives; TN, true negatives; CI, confidence interval; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; LR-, negative likelihood ratio; OR, odds ratio; ACJ, acromioclavicular joint; PROM, passive range of motion; GHJ, glenohumeral joint; ER 90°, external rotation performed in 90° of abduction.
  2. Note. Cell counts do not total 153 in some cases due to missing data.
  3. *P< 0.05; ** P< 0.01.
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