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Table 3 Reference numbers for papers examining each risk factor for each endpoint

From: Risk factors for revision of primary total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review

Risk factor

Reference numbers for papers

Revision (any)

Aseptic loosening

Infection

Dislocation

 

Demographic Factors

Age

[1, 13–37]

[1, 13, 16, 17, 19, 20, 28, 38–42]

[13, 43–46]

[26, 47–49]

Sex

[13, 18–22, 27, 29, 31–35, 37, 50–53]

[1, 13, 17, 19, 20, 28, 38, 40–42]

[13, 43–46, 54]

[47, 48]

BMI/body weight

[55–59]

[39, 55]

[44, 57]

[57]

Race

[34]

—

[45]

—

Socioeconomic status

[15]

—

[45]

—

Tobacco use

—

[60]

—

—

Alcohol use

—

—

[44]

—

Preparation of living aids

—

[40]

—

—

 

Clinical Factors

Underlying diagnosis

[13, 14, 16, 18, 21, 27, 31, 35, 37, 47, 51, 53, 61–69]

[1, 13, 16, 28, 38, 40, 64, 69]

[13, 43, 44, 46, 54, 61]

[47, 48, 61]

Comorbidity (Charlson)

[27, 29, 33–35]

—

[45, 70]

—

Diabetes

[70]

[70]

[44, 70]

[70]

Medication use

[68, 71, 72]

[60, 68, 71, 72]

[68, 71, 72]

[68, 71, 72]

Bilateral vs. unilateral THA

[73–75]

—

—

—

Genetic predisposition

—

[76]

[77, 78]

—

Prior hip surgery

[18]

[28]

[46]

—

Post-THA childbirth

[79]

—

—

—

 

Surgical and Implant-Related Factors

Fixation

[13, 17, 19, 25, 26, 52, 61, 80–83]

[13, 17, 19, 81–83]

[13, 26, 43, 46, 81, 83]

[47, 83]

Femoral head size

[50, 51, 84]

[41, 42]

—

[47–49]

Bearing

[85]

[86]

—

[49]

Coating

[19]

[19]

—

—

Femoral head material

[51]

—

—

—

Other design-related factors

[87]

[87, 88]

[43]

—

Operating time

[33, 83]

[83]

[43, 45, 46, 83]

[48, 83]

Surgical approach

[11]

[11]

[11]

[11, 26, 48]

Ventilation

[89]

—

[43, 46]

—

Anesthesia

—

—

[44, 46]

—

Infection prophylaxis

[89]

[89]

[89]

—

Fixation technique

[90]

[90]

—

—

Units blood transfused

—

—

[44]

—

 

Health Care Provider-Related Factors

Hospital volume

[20, 21, 35, 37, 91, 92]

[20]

—

—

Hospital teaching status

[21, 35]

—

[45]

—

Rural vs. urban hospital

—

—

[45]

—

Surgeon volume

[26, 29, 35, 92]

—

—

—

Surgeon experience

[21, 93]

—

—

—