Table 2 Outcome measures summary
Primary outcome measures | |
|---|---|
Peak external knee adduction moment during stance | a) Walking (normal pace) |
b) One-leg rise | |
Secondary outcome measures | |
Peak external knee adduction moment during stance | a) Walking (fast pace) |
b) One-leg hop for distance | |
External knee adduction moment impulse during stance | a) Walking (normal pace and fast pace) |
b) One-leg rise | |
c) One-leg hop for distance | |
Knee and hip muscle strength | Isometric and isokinetic knee extensors and flexors (isokinetic dynamometer) |
Isometric hip abductors and hip adductors (instrumented manual muscle tester) | |
Muscle activity patterns and co-contractions | Surface electromyography |
Objective functional performance | a) One-leg rise |
b) Knee bends | |
c) One-leg hop for distance | |
Pain, other symptoms, function in ADL and Sport and Recreation, quality of life | Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score |
Other measures | |
Peak external knee flexion moment | 3-dimensional movement analysis |
Dynamic tibial alignment, lateral trunk lean angle, internal foot rotation angle | 3-dimensional movement analysis |
Static alignment | Inclinometer |
Disease severity | X-ray (baseline) |
Physical activity levels | Lower Extremity Activity Scale |
Adverse events | Participant log-book (follow-up) |
Adherence to exercise program | Participant log-book (follow-up) |
Treatment session attendance | Therapist treatment records (intervention group only) (follow-up) |