Temporary clamping of drain combined with tranexamic acid reduce blood loss after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Blood loss and transfusion requirement

Values	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D	p-value
	(n = 60)	(n = 60)	(n = 60)	(n = 60)
Volume of drained blood	1182 ± 411	724 ± 246	821 ± 337	526 ± 222	< 0.001^a
(ml)^*	(420–2260)	(230–1330)	(230–2020)	(180–960)
Decreasing Hb at 12 hours	3.3 ± 0.9	2.1 ± 0.6	2.8 ± 0.8	1.8 ± 0.7	< 0.05^b
(g/dl)^*	(1.3-5.3)	(0.9-3.8)	(0.9-4.4)	(0.4-3.6)
Number of patients requiring blood transfusion	53 (88.3%)	34 (56.7%)	49 (81.7%)	23 (38.3%)	< 0.05^c
PRC transfusion (unit)^*	1.8 ± 1.0	0.7 ± 0.7	1.3 ± 0.9	0.4 ± 0.5	< 0.05^d
	(0–4)	(0–2)	(0–3)	(0–2)

* Data was presented as mean ± standard deviation and range.
^a Statistical difference among all groups (except between group B and C, p = 0.37).
^b Statistical difference among all groups (except between group B and D, p = 0.07).
^c Statistical difference among all groups (except between group A and C, B and D).
^d Statistical difference among all groups (except between group A and C, p = 0.05).
Hb = hemoglobin, PRC = packed red cell.