Skip to main content

Table 2 Internal missing values (n = 90 patients × number of items) and N (%) scoring the lowest or highest score on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (n = 90). Higher score indicating higher degree of pain catastrophizing

From: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Norwegian pain catastrophizing scale in patients with low back pain

Pain Catastrophizing Scale

Range

Internal missing

N (%)

Mean (S.D.)

Lowest N (%)

Highest N (%)

Total score

0 − 52

21 (0.02)

13.6 (9.2)

3 (3.3)

0

Rumination subscale

0 − 16

7 (0.02)

5.0 (3.5)

6 (6.7)

0

8

I anxiously want the pain to go away

0 − 4

1 (0.002)

1.9 (1.3)

16 (17.8)

9 (10.0)

9

I can’t seem to keep it out of mind

0 − 4

2 (0.005)

0.8 (0.9)

40 (44.4)

2 (2.2)

10

I keep thinking about how much it hurts

0 − 4

2 (0.005)

0.8 (0.8)

35 (38.9)

0

11

I keep thinking about how badly I want the pain to stop

0 − 4

2 (0.005)

1.6 (1.3)

20 (22.2)

9 (10.0)

Magnification subscale

0 − 12

4 (0.01)

2.8 (2.0)

12 (13.3)

0

6

I become afraid that the pain may get worse

0 − 4

2 (0.007)

1.6 (1.2)

16 (17.8)

5 (5.7)

7

I think of other painful experiences

0 − 4

1 (0.004)

0.4 (0.7)

63 (70.0)

0

13

I wonder whether something serious may happen

0 − 4

1 (0.004)

0.7 (0.9)

47 (52.2)

1 (1.1)

Helplessness subscale

0 − 24

7 (0.02)

6.2 (4.8)

6 (6.7)

1 (1.1)

1

I worry all the time whether the pain will end

0 − 4

0

1.5 (1.1)

15 (16.7)

4 (4.4)

2

I feel I can’t go on

0 − 4

2 (0.004)

0.9 (1.1)

43 (47.8)

1 (1.1)

3

It’s terrible and I think it’s never going to get any better

0 − 4

1 (0.002)

1.1 (1.1)

33 (36.7)

3 (3.3)

4

It’s awful and I feel that it overwhelms me

0 − 4

3 (0.006)

0.8 (1.1)

46 (51.1)

2 (2.2)

5

I feel I can’t stand it any more

0 − 4

1 (0.002)

0.8 (1.1)

52 (57.8)

3 (3.4)

12

There is nothing I can do to reduce the intensity of the pain

0 − 4

3 (0.006)

1.2 (1.0)

23 (25.6)

1 (1.1)