Characteristic
|
30-44 yrs (N = 2132)
|
45-59 yrs (N = 2190)
|
60+ yrs (N = 1932)
|
---|
|
Sample
|
Cases
|
OR
|
95% CI
|
Sample
|
Cases
|
OR
|
95% CI
|
Sample
|
Cases
|
OR
|
95% CI
|
---|
Smoking status
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Never smoker
|
522
|
9
|
1
| |
593
|
29
|
1
| |
947
|
46
|
1
| |
Former smoker
|
465
|
8
|
0.9
|
0.3-2.4
|
649
|
23
|
1.0
|
0.6-1.7
|
535
|
20
|
1.6
|
0.9-3.0
|
Occasional smoker
|
194
|
3
|
0.8
|
0.2-3.2
|
105
|
6
|
1.8
|
0.6-4.8
|
34
|
0
|
-
| |
Current smoker
|
601
|
22
|
1.8
|
0.8-3.6
|
553
|
42
|
1.9
|
1.1-3.3
|
193
|
8
|
1.8
|
0.7-4.4
|
Exercise (times/week)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
≤1
|
915
|
23
|
1
| |
916
|
45
|
1
| |
665
|
28
|
1
| |
2-3
|
775
|
16
|
0.8
|
0.4-1.6
|
717
|
35
|
1.0
|
0.6-1.7
|
481
|
17
|
1.2
|
0.6-2.4
|
≥ 4
|
427
|
9
|
0.9
|
0.4-1.8
|
526
|
27
|
1.1
|
0.6-1.8
|
668
|
33
|
1.7
|
1.0-2.7
|
Body mass index
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Normal
|
1065
|
18
|
1
| |
815
|
34
|
1
| |
634
|
30
|
1
| |
Overweight
|
688
|
15
|
1.4
|
0.7-2.7
|
848
|
43
|
1.1
|
0.6-1.8
|
752
|
24
|
0.7
|
0.4-1.3
|
Obese
|
264
|
14
|
2.4
|
1.1-5.4
|
413
|
27
|
1.2
|
0.6-2.2
|
325
|
17
|
0.7
|
0.3-1.5
|
Waist circumference
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Normal
|
1015
|
18
|
1
| |
617
|
26
|
1
| |
387
|
15
|
1
| |
Increased
|
562
|
9
|
0.8
|
0.3-2.2
|
614
|
22
|
0.7
|
0.4-1.3
|
508
|
13
|
0.6
|
0.2-1.2
|
Obese
|
535
|
22
|
1.5
|
0.8-2.9
|
954
|
62
|
0.9
|
0.5-1.6
|
1020
|
53
|
0.8
|
0.4-1.5
|
Waist-hip ratio
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Normal
|
484
|
4
|
1
| |
281
|
11
|
1
| |
157
|
9
|
1
| |
Increased
|
1271
|
32
|
2.7
|
0.9-7.8
|
1202
|
64
|
1.5
|
0.7-2.9
|
1081
|
39
|
0.5
|
0.2-1.2
|
Obese
|
357
|
13
|
3.0
|
1.0-9.0
|
702
|
35
|
1.1
|
0.5-2.3
|
676
|
33
|
0.7
|
0.3-1.5
|
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
<129
|
951
|
16
|
1
| |
604
|
28
|
1
| |
517
|
25
|
1
| |
130-189
|
973
|
23
|
1.6
|
0.8-3.2
|
1163
|
62
|
1.2
|
0.7-2.0
|
996
|
40
|
0.8
|
0.4-1.4
|
≥190
|
198
|
10
|
3.8
|
1.6-9.1
|
419
|
20
|
1.1
|
0.5-2.3
|
415
|
19
|
0.8
|
0.4-1.6
|
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
>60
|
590
|
15
|
1
| |
609
|
41
|
1
| |
490
|
21
|
1
| |
40-60
|
1121
|
22
|
0.7
|
0.3-1.4
|
1129
|
52
|
0.7
|
0.4-1.2
|
957
|
45
|
1.2
|
0.6-2.1
|
≤40
|
411
|
12
|
1.3
|
0.6-2.9
|
448
|
17
|
0.6
|
0.3-1.0
|
481
|
18
|
1.0
|
0.4-2.2
|
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
>200
|
759
|
13
|
1
| |
393
|
18
|
1
| |
391
|
14
|
1
| |
200-239
|
797
|
16
|
1.1
|
0.4-2.5
|
785
|
44
|
1.3
|
0.6-2.5
|
624
|
31
|
1.6
|
0.7-3.4
|
≤240
|
566
|
20
|
2.3
|
0.97-5.5
|
1008
|
48
|
1.1
|
0.5-2.2
|
913
|
39
|
1.2
|
0.5-2.3
|
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
≤150
|
1562
|
32
|
1
| |
1435
|
78
|
1
| |
1189
|
53
|
1
| |
151-199
|
281
|
4
|
0.6
|
0.2-1.8
|
395
|
21
|
0.8
|
0.5-1.3
|
393
|
17
|
0.7
|
0.4-1.3
|
>200
|
279
|
13
|
2.7
|
1.2-6.1
|
356
|
11
|
0.6
|
0.3-1.1
|
346
|
14
|
0.9
|
0.5-1.9
|
Hypertension
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
No
|
2028
|
41
| | |
1748
|
83
| | |
1241
|
50
| | |
Yes
|
104
|
8
|
3.4
|
1.6-7.4
|
442
|
27
|
1.0
|
0.6-1.7
|
691
|
34
|
1.0
|
0.6-1.5
|
Coronary artery disease
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
No
|
2127
|
49
| | |
2141
|
107
| | |
1506
|
53
| | |
Yes
|
5
|
0
|
-
|
-
|
49
|
3
|
1.2
|
0.3-3.8
|
426
|
31
|
1.9
|
1.1-3.5
|
Heart failure
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
No
|
2131
|
49
| | |
2184
|
109
|
1
| |
1811
|
72
|
1
| |
Yes
|
1
|
0
|
-
|
-
|
6
|
1
|
2.0
|
0.2-15.0
|
121
|
12
|
1.6
|
0.6-3.8
|
Arrhythmia
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
No
|
2118
|
47
|
1
| |
2118
|
103
|
1
| |
1680
|
71
|
1
| |
Yes
|
14
|
2
|
10.2
|
2.7-38.4
|
72
|
7
|
1.6
|
0.6-3.8
|
252
|
13
|
0.8
|
0.4-1.8
|
Valvular heart disease
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
No
|
2122
|
49
| | |
2161
|
108
| | |
1795
|
72
| | |
Yes
|
10
|
0
|
-
|
-
|
29
|
2
|
1.0
|
0.2-4.8
|
137
|
12
|
2.3
|
1.0-5.0
|
Mean IMT, per each standard deviation (0.23 mm) increase
| | | | |
876
|
38
|
1.2
|
0.8-1.9
|
477
|
17
|
1.4
|
0.9-2.1
|
- A separate model was run for each characteristic and the odds ratios obtained were adjusted for age, sex, education, somatization, handgrip with high forces and work using vibrating tools