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Table 2 Multivariate analysis between ITW and restricted range of joint motion in the ankle joint versus controls, adjusted for confounders.

From: Idiopathic toe-walking in children, adolescents and young adults: a matter of local or generalised stiffness?

 

ITW and restricted range of joint motion in the ankle joint (n = 31)

Controls

(n = 317)

Mean difference

(95% CI)

Adjusted mean difference

(95% CI)

 

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

  

Total range of joint motion (degrees)

1403.4 (62.9)

1428.7 (57.9)

25.35 (3.7, 47.0)

21.9 (2.1, 41.7)

Total muscle strength (N.)

1326.1 (313.2)

1140 (372.8)

-185.5 (-323.4,-47.5)

-19.5 (-86.7, 47.6)

Quantitative bone ultrasound BUA (dB/MHz)

68.9 (13.5)

65.5 (16.6)

-3.4 (-9.5, 2.6)

 

Quantitative bone ultrasound SOS (m/s)

1556.5 (25.2)

1567.7 (29.0)

11.1 (0.5, 21.8)

7.9 (-18.4, 2.6)

  1. Values are means (sd); BUA: broadband ultrasound attenuation, SOS: speed of sound. Total range of joint motion was a summation of all measurements without the ankle joint. Statistically significant associations are given in bold face.
  2. Adjustments were made for age, gender, body weight and height