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Table 5 Work-to-life conflict as the principal risk factor for strong (low) back pain and neck/shoulder pain, stratified by sex and additionally adjusted for general stress

From: Work-life conflict and musculoskeletal disorders: a cross-sectional study of an unexplored association

 

Suffer a lot from backache or lower back pain

Suffer a lot from neck or shoulder pain

 

Men

Women

Men

Women

 

OR

95%-CI

OR

95%-CI

OR

95%-CI

OR

95%-CI

Total effect model

n = 3200

n = 2297

n = 3196

n = 2313

Work-to-life conflict

    

   Very low (0-3)

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

   Low (4-7)

1.77

1.10-2.86

1.46

0.89-2.40

1.24

0.78-1.97

1.61

1.07-2.43

   Moderate (8-11)

1.93

1.16-3.21

1.77

1.06-2.94

1.99

1.24-3.22

2.49

1.64-3.77

   High (12-15)

2.47

1.40-4.36

2.94

1.70-5.11

2.96

1.74-5.06

3.91

2.47-6.19

   Very high (16-20)

3.77

1.78-7.97

4.12

2.01-8.44

4.82

2.39-9.70

6.30

3.41-11.66

Direct effect model

n = 3197

n = 2296

n = 3193

n = 2311

Work-to-life conflict

    

   Very low (0-3)

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

   Low (4-7)

1.65

1.01-2.67

1.21

0.73-2.00

1.11

0.69-1.78

1.45

0.96-2.19

   Moderate (8-11)

1.62

0.97-2.72

1.29

0.77-2.17

1.64

1.00-2.67

2.06

1.35-3.14

   High (12-15)

1.75

0.97-3.16

1.73

0.97-3.07

2.19

1.32-3.81

2.83

1.76-4.56

   Very high (16-20)

2.28

1.04-4.99

1.86

0.87-3.96

3.18

1.53-6.60

4.14

2.18-7.87

General stress

        

   Never

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

   Sometimes

1.35

0.84-2.18

2.31

1.22-4.40

1.79

1.06-3.04

1.56

1.01-2.40

   Often

2.27

1.33-3.87

5.10

2.59-10.02

2.63

1.48-4.67

2.93

1.83-4.69

   Very often

3.55

1.90-6.62

8.27

4.00-17.13

3.52

1.82-6.84

2.68

1.55-4.62

  1. Controlled for age, education, physical activity and adjusted for potential work-related confounders such as physical strain at work, workload, time pressure at work and job autonomy; bold figures = highly significant OR (p < .01)