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Table 3 Valvular lesion characteristics in patients with systemic vasculitides.

From: Valvular involvement in ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis: a case report and literature review

Reference

Valve lesion onset

Valve lesion

Mechanism of valvular disease

Valvular treatment

Outcome

Valve histology

Stöllberger [19]

After 3 days steroïds

AR

Vegetation

-

AVR

Non specific

Levine [15]

After 6 weeks of ENT signs no IST

MR

?

-

Died of heart failure

-

Davenport [6]

At initial presentation

AR

Leaflet perforation and

tissue disruption

1 year IST

AVR

Non specific

 

At initial presentation

AR

Thickened leaflets

IST

Worse, awaiting AVR

-

Grant [10]

After 1 year of CYC

AR

Dilation of ascending aorta

20 Mo IST

AVR

Non specific

Goodfield [9]

At initial presentation

AR

Thickened leaflets and mass obstructing the left ventricular outflow tract

6 weeks IST

Thickening & mass disappeared. AVR because of LV dilatation & shrunken Ao leaflet

Non specific

Bruno [4]

3 years after illness onset, no IST

AR

Thickened, rigid and retracted leaflets

_

AVR

Specific

Herbst [12]

At initial presentation

MR

Mass involving a leaflet

 

MVR & AVR

Specific

Gerbracht [8]

After 5 days CYC

AR

Vegetation

IST

Complete resolution

-

Greidinger [11]

After 3 weeks CYC

AR

?

IST

Lesion unchanged

-

  

MR

?

IST

Lesion unchanged

-

Leff [14]

At initial presentation

AR

Perforation of 2 leaflets

1 year IST

Ao valve repair: homograft

-

Yanda [20]

1 year after initial presentation,

no IST

AR

Thickened leaflet

-

AVR

Non specific

  

MR

Thickened leaflet

IST

?

-

Dabbagh [5]

After 3 weeks CYC

AR

?

IST

?

-

Fox [7]

At initial presentation

AR

Prolapsing Ao leaflets and discrete Ao leaflet deficiency

5 Mo IST

AVR

Non specific

  

MR

?

IST

?

-

Anthony [2]

At initial presentation

AS

Vegetation

3 Mo IST

Lesion unchanged

-

Paik [17]

At initial presentation

Ao vegetations

Vegetation

IST

?

 

Mishell [16]

At initial presentation

Ao and M vegetations

Vegetations

IST

Died

Non specific

Ramakrishnan [18]

At initial presentation

M masses

Multiple masses in atriums and on MP

Few days IST

Died

-

Attaran [3]

30 years after illness onset, IST?

Ao and M mass, MR, MS

Mass involving an Ao and an M leaflet

IST

MVR & AVR

Non specific

Koyalakonda [13]

Not at initial presentation and under treatment

MS & MR

AR

M mass involving leaflet

Thickened Ao valve

IST

IST

Mass unchanged: MVR

AR progressed: AVR

Non specific

Present report

At initial presentation

AR

Septal thickening: incomplete closure of Ao valve, thickened leaflets

4 Mo IST

AVR

Non specific

  1. ?: Unknown; AR: aortic regurgitation; Ao: aortic; AS: aortic stenosis; AVR: aortic valve replacement; CYC: cyclophosphamide; IST: immunosuppressive therapy; LV: left ventricular; M: mitral; Mo: months; MP: mitral prothesis; MR: mitral regurgitation; MS: mitral stenosis; MVR: mitral valve replacement.